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Related Concept Videos

Aldehydes and Ketones with HCN: Cyanohydrin Formation Overview01:32

Aldehydes and Ketones with HCN: Cyanohydrin Formation Overview

Cyanohydrins are compounds that contain –CN and –OH groups on the same carbon atom. They are formed by the nucleophilic addition of the cyanide ions to the carbonyl group. Cyanide ions are highly basic and nucleophilic and can be generated from HCN under aqueous conditions. However, since HCN is a weak acid, the number of cyanide ions generated is very small. Hence, a small amount of base or KCN/NaCN is added to HCN to increase the concentration of the cyanide ions in the reaction mixture.
[3,3] Sigmatropic Rearrangement of 1,5-Dienes: Cope Rearrangement01:21

[3,3] Sigmatropic Rearrangement of 1,5-Dienes: Cope Rearrangement

The Cope rearrangement is classified as a [3,3] sigmatropic shift in 1,5-dienes, leading to a more stable, isomeric 1,5-diene. The reaction involves a concerted movement of six electrons, four from two π bonds and two from a σ bond, via an energetically favorable chair-like transition state.
Aromatic Hydrocarbon Cations: Structural Overview01:18

Aromatic Hydrocarbon Cations: Structural Overview

Cycloheptatriene is a neutral monocyclic unsaturated hydrocarbon that consists of an odd number of carbon atoms and an intervening sp3 carbon in the ring. The three double bonds in the ring correspond to 6 π electrons, which is a Huckel number, and therefore satisfies the criteria of 4n + 2 π electrons. However, the intervening sp3 carbon disrupts the continuous overlap of p orbitals. As a result, cycloheptatriene is not aromatic.
Removing one hydrogen from the intervening CH2 group with both...
Nomenclature of Alkynes02:39

Nomenclature of Alkynes

Alkynes are unsaturated hydrocarbons characterized by the presence of carbon-carbon triple bonds and have a general formula CnH2n-2. The nomenclature of alkynes follows a set of rules similar to alkanes and alkenes; however, alkynes bear the suffix "-yne" instead of "-ane" or "-ene." There are two approaches to naming alkynes:
Aldehydes and Ketones with HCN: Cyanohydrin Formation Mechanism01:10

Aldehydes and Ketones with HCN: Cyanohydrin Formation Mechanism

Cyanohydrins are formed when cyanide nucleophiles and carbonyl compounds like aldehydes and ketones react. A strong base, the cyanide ion, catalyzes cyanohydrin formation. The ions are generated from HCN under aqueous conditions. Once the cyanide ions are generated, the first step involves the nucleophilic attack of the cyanide ions on the electrophilic carbonyl carbon. This attack shifts the π electrons from the C=O to the oxygen atom forming the alkoxide ion intermediate. The alkoxide anion...
Structure of Conjugated Dienes01:16

Structure of Conjugated Dienes

Introduction
Conjugated dienes are compounds characterized by the presence of alternating double and single bonds. In a conjugated system like 1,3-butadiene, the unhybridized 2p orbital on each carbon overlaps continuously, allowing the π electrons to be delocalized across the entire molecule. In contrast, this type of overlap does not occur in cumulated and isolated dienes, such as 2,3-pentadiene and 1,4-pentadiene, respectively. Instead, the π electrons remain localized between the double...

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N'-(3-Phenyl-allyl-idene)isonicotino-hydrazide.

Feng-Yu Bao1

  • 1Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, People's Republic of China.

Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
|January 5, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study details the crystal structure of a novel organic compound, C(15)H(13)N(3)O. The research highlights the molecule's non-planar geometry and the hydrogen bonding that stabilizes its crystal lattice.

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Area of Science:

  • Crystallography
  • Organic Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Understanding the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms in organic molecules is crucial for predicting their properties.
  • Crystal structure analysis provides fundamental insights into molecular interactions and solid-state behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the crystal structure of the organic compound C(15)H(13)N(3)O.
  • To characterize the molecular geometry and intermolecular interactions within the crystal lattice.

Main Methods:

  • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was employed to determine the crystal structure.
  • Analysis of dihedral angles between aromatic rings quantified molecular non-planarity.
  • Identification and analysis of intermolecular hydrogen bonds (N-H⋯O) were performed.

Main Results:

  • The asymmetric unit contains two similar molecules of C(15)H(13)N(3)O.
  • Each molecule exhibits a non-planar conformation, with significant dihedral angles (45.2(2)° and 56.6(2)°) between the pyridine and benzene rings.
  • The crystal structure is stabilized by intermolecular N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds.

Conclusions:

  • The crystal structure of C(15)H(13)N(3)O has been successfully determined.
  • The non-planar nature of the molecule and the presence of hydrogen bonding are key features of its solid-state organization.
  • This structural information is vital for understanding the compound's physical and chemical properties.