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Related Concept Videos

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Lab01:21

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Lab

For AAS measurements, samples must be introduced as clear solutions, often requiring extensive preliminary treatment to dissolve materials like soils, animal tissues, and minerals. Common methods for sample preparation include treatment with hot mineral acids, wet ashing, combustion in closed containers, high-temperature ashing, or fusion with reagents.
 Solutions containing organic solvents, such as low-molecular-mass alcohols, esters, or ketones, enhance absorbances by increasing nebulizer...

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Preparation and Friction Force Microscopy Measurements of Immiscible, Opposing Polymer Brushes
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Published on: December 24, 2014

APCI/APPI for synthetic polymer analysis.

P Terrier1, B Desmazières, J Tortajada

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, V6T 1Z1 Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

Mass Spectrometry Reviews
|January 20, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Modern mass spectrometry for synthetic polymers utilizes soft ionization techniques like matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) and electrospray (ESI). Atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) and atmospheric pressure photoionization (APPI) offer new polymer characterization opportunities, especially for difficult samples.

Keywords:
APCIAPPILC/MSatmospheric pressure ionizationchemical ionizationphotoionizationpolymers

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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Spectrometry

Background:

  • Soft ionization techniques are crucial for modern synthetic polymer mass spectrometry.
  • Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) and electrospray ionization (ESI) are standard methods.
  • Atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) and atmospheric pressure photoionization (APPI) are less common but promising.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the application of APCI and APPI in polymer analysis.
  • To highlight the advantages of these techniques for specific polymer types.
  • To present LC/MS applications using APCI and APPI for polymer characterization.

Main Methods:

  • Review of classical mass spectrometry (MS) methods: MALDI and ESI for polymers.
  • Detailed description and discussion of APCI and APPI ionization techniques.
  • Liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC/MS) using APCI and APPI.

Main Results:

  • APCI and APPI provide valuable alternatives for polymer analysis.
  • These methods are particularly effective for low molecular weight and poorly ionizable polymers.
  • Selected examples demonstrate the utility of APCI and APPI in LC/MS polymer characterization.

Conclusions:

  • APCI and APPI expand the capabilities of mass spectrometry in polymer science.
  • These techniques offer enhanced polymer characterization, especially for challenging samples.
  • The integration of APCI/APPI with LC/MS presents significant opportunities for polymer analysis.