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Related Concept Videos

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)...
lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)...
Riboswitches01:56

Riboswitches

Riboswitches are non-coding mRNA domains that regulate the transcription and translation of downstream genes without the help of proteins. Riboswitches bind directly to a metabolite and can form unique stem-loop or hairpin structures in response to the amount of the metabolite present. They have two distinct regions – a metabolite-binding aptamer and an expression platform.
The aptamer has high specificity for a particular metabolite which allows riboswitches to specifically regulate...
Cell Signaling in Plants01:25

Cell Signaling in Plants

Plant cells communicate to coordinate their cycle of growth, flowering and fruiting, and activities in roots, shoots, and leaves in response to the changing environmental conditions. Plant signaling is distinct from animal signaling. Plants primarily utilize enzyme-linked receptors, whereas the largest class of cell-surface receptors in animals are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Unlike animals, receptor tyrosine kinases are rare in plants. Instead, plants have a diverse class of...
Ribosomal RNA Synthesis02:53

Ribosomal RNA Synthesis

Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
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Types of RNA01:20

Types of RNA

Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA Performs Diverse...

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mRNA Interactome Capture from Plant Protoplasts
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Published on: July 28, 2017

Long Nonprotein-Coding RNAs in Plants.

Virginie Jouannet1, Martin Crespi

  • 1Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut des Sciences du Végétal, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France.

Progress in Molecular and Subcellular Biology
|February 3, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nonprotein-coding RNAs (npcRNAs) are crucial for eukaryotic gene regulation and evolutionary complexity. Understanding these riboregulators, from small interfering RNAs to long noncoding RNAs, offers insights into plant development and biotechnology.

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Area of Science:

  • * Molecular Biology
  • * Genomics
  • * Plant Science

Background:

  • * Nonprotein-coding RNAs (npcRNAs) are a significant component of the eukaryotic transcriptome.
  • * Advances in genomic approaches have led to the discovery of numerous regulatory npcRNAs (riboregulators).
  • * npcRNAs are increasingly recognized for their roles in evolutionary complexity, development, and stress responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To explore the diverse functions and mechanisms of regulatory npcRNAs.
  • * To highlight the known roles of small RNAs (siRNAs, miRNAs) in gene regulation.
  • * To investigate the understudied area of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and their potential functions.

Main Methods:

  • * Review of recent genomic approaches for npcRNA discovery and characterization.
  • * Analysis of known regulatory pathways involving small RNAs (siRNAs, miRNAs, tasiRNAs, nat-siRNAs).
  • * Examination of emerging evidence for the functions of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs).

Main Results:

  • * Small RNAs regulate gene expression via mRNA decay, translational inhibition, and DNA methylation.
  • * RNA silencing pathways, including PTGS, are mediated by various small RNAs.
  • * Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are implicated in stress responses, development, and gene expression, often interacting with small RNA pathways.

Conclusions:

  • * npcRNAs play vital roles in gene regulation, development, and adaptation.
  • * Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) represent a largely unexplored area with significant potential functions.
  • * Understanding npcRNAs can lead to novel insights into plant growth control and biotechnological applications.