Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 3, 2026
12:21
Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging
Published on: September 12, 2011
Abnormal white matter integrity in young children with autism.
Maya Weinstein1, Liat Ben-Sira, Yonata Levy
1Functional Brain Center-The Wohl Institute for Advanced Imaging, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Human Brain Mapping
|March 11, 2011
Summary
Young children with autism show altered white matter integrity, particularly in the corpus callosum and cingulum, impacting brain connectivity. These DTI findings suggest potential links to autism
Area of Science:
- Neuroimaging
- Developmental Neuroscience
- Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
Background:
- Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition.
- White matter abnormalities are increasingly implicated in ASD pathophysiology.
- Understanding early white matter development is crucial for identifying potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate white matter integrity in young children diagnosed with autism.
- To identify specific white matter tracts affected by abnormalities in early childhood autism.
- To explore the relationship between microstructural white matter changes and diffusivity indices in autism.
Main Methods:
- Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) was employed to assess white matter microstructure.
- Tract-Based Spatial Statistics (TBSS) was utilized for group comparisons of white matter integrity.
- Tractography and TBSS-VOIs analyses were performed on key white matter regions, including the corpus callosum (CC), superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF), and cingulum (Cg).
Main Results:
- Significant white matter abnormalities, characterized by increased fractional anisotropy (FA) due to decreased radial diffusivity (Dr), were found in young children with autism.
- Affected regions included distinct clusters in the genu and body of the corpus callosum (CC), left superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF), and bilateral cingulum (Cg).
- Tractography confirmed increased FA in the mid-body of the CC and the left Cg in children with autism.
Conclusions:
- This study reveals abnormal white matter integrity in key brain pathways in very young children with autism.
- These microstructural alterations may underlie impaired brain connectivity, potentially contributing to the behavioral characteristics of autism.
- Early DTI findings highlight the importance of white matter development in the neurobiology of autism.
Related Concept Videos
01:19Autism Spectrum Disorder
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
01:30Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings.