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Related Concept Videos

Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex01:14

Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex

The cerebral cortex, the brain's outermost layer, is pivotal in processing complex cognitive tasks, emotions, and various sensory inputs and executing voluntary motor activities. This intricate structure is divided into three primary functional areas: the motor areas, sensory areas, and association areas.
Motor Areas
The motor areas located in the frontal lobe are central to controlling voluntary movements. This region is further subdivided into the primary motor cortex and the premotor cortex.
Somatosensation01:33

Somatosensation

The somatosensory system relays sensory information from the skin, mucous membranes, limbs, and joints. Somatosensation is more familiarly known as the sense of touch. A typical somatosensory pathway includes three types of long neurons: primary, secondary, and tertiary. Primary neurons have cell bodies located near the spinal cord in groups of neurons called dorsal root ganglia. The sensory neurons of ganglia innervate designated areas of skin called dermatomes.
Somatosensory, Motor, and Association Cortex01:23

Somatosensory, Motor, and Association Cortex

The somatosensory cortex in the parietal lobes is crucial for interpreting sensory data such as touch, temperature, and proprioception. The somatosensory cortex, situated in the parietal lobes, plays a vital role in interpreting sensory information like touch, temperature, and proprioception—awareness of body position. This specialized brain region features an organized structure wherein neurons at the top primarily process sensations originating from the lower body. In contrast, those at the...
Hierarchy of Motor Control01:18

Hierarchy of Motor Control

The hierarchy of motor control refers to the different levels of organization and processing involved in controlling movement in the body. These levels range from higher cortical areas involved in planning and decision-making to lower spinal cord reflexes that respond automatically to external stimuli.
Overview of Somatic Sensory Pathways01:29

Overview of Somatic Sensory Pathways

Somatic sensory or somatosensory pathways refer to the neural pathways that carry information related to touch, pressure, pain, temperature, and proprioception from the skin, muscles, tendons, and joints to the brain. These pathways involve several stages of processing and integration of sensory information.
The somatosensory system is divided into three main pathways: the dorsal (or posterior) column-medial lemniscus, spinothalamic (or anterolateral), and spinocerebellar pathways.
The dorsal...
Major Somatic Sensory Pathways01:28

Major Somatic Sensory Pathways

Sensory impulses related to touch, pressure, vibration, and proprioception from various body parts, such as the limbs, trunk, neck, and posterior head, travel to the cerebral cortex through the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway. The pathway’s name derives from the two white-matter tracts that convey the impulses: the spinal cord's posterior column and the brainstem's medial lemniscus. First-order sensory neurons extend their axons into the spinal cord, forming the posterior columns...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2026

A Standardized Protocol for Functional Motor Mapping Using Navigated Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
10:27

A Standardized Protocol for Functional Motor Mapping Using Navigated Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Published on: February 27, 2026

Motor and sensory mapping.

Andrei I Holodny1, Nina Shevzov-Zebrun, Nicole Brennan

  • 1Functional MRI Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA. holodnya@mskcc.org

Neurosurgery Clinics of North America
|March 26, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a safe brain-mapping tool aiding neurosurgery. Optimizing fMRI requires patient-specific adjustments and awareness of interpretation challenges.

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Non-Invasive Modulation and Robotic Mapping of Motor Cortex in the Developing Brain
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Non-Invasive Modulation and Robotic Mapping of Motor Cortex in the Developing Brain

Published on: July 1, 2019

Functional Mapping with Simultaneous MEG and EEG
06:04

Functional Mapping with Simultaneous MEG and EEG

Published on: June 14, 2010

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 3, 2026

A Standardized Protocol for Functional Motor Mapping Using Navigated Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
10:27

A Standardized Protocol for Functional Motor Mapping Using Navigated Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Published on: February 27, 2026

Non-Invasive Modulation and Robotic Mapping of Motor Cortex in the Developing Brain
08:26

Non-Invasive Modulation and Robotic Mapping of Motor Cortex in the Developing Brain

Published on: July 1, 2019

Functional Mapping with Simultaneous MEG and EEG
06:04

Functional Mapping with Simultaneous MEG and EEG

Published on: June 14, 2010

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is increasingly used to study brain anatomy and function.
  • It is a noninvasive neuroimaging technique with no known risks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the clinical applications of fMRI, particularly in presurgical planning.
  • To emphasize the importance of optimizing fMRI protocols for individual patients.

Main Methods:

  • fMRI is utilized for mapping critical brain functions such as motor control, language, and memory.
  • The technique aids neurosurgeons in identifying eloquent cortices and tumor locations.

Main Results:

  • fMRI provides crucial information for presurgical mapping, enhancing patient safety.
  • Tailoring fMRI paradigms to patient needs is essential for effective use.

Conclusions:

  • fMRI is a valuable tool for neurosurgery, improving understanding of brain function and patient-specific anatomy.
  • Careful consideration of fMRI interpretation pitfalls is necessary for optimal clinical application.