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Related Concept Videos

Ferromagnetism01:31

Ferromagnetism

Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
Diamagnetism01:26

Diamagnetism

Materials consisting of paired electrons have zero net magnetic moments. However, when these materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Such materials are called diamagnets. Diamagnetism is the response of the diamagnets when placed in an external magnetic field.
Diamagnetism was discovered by Anton Brugmans in 1778 when he observed that bismuth gets repelled by magnetic fields, thus theorizing that diamagnets get repelled by magnets.
Colors and Magnetism03:02

Colors and Magnetism

Color in Coordination Complexes
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human eye.
Paramagnetism01:30

Paramagnetism

Paramagnets are materials with unpaired electrons that possess a finite magnetic moment. In the absence of a magnetic field, these moments are randomly oriented, and thus the net moment is zero. Under an external field, a torque acting on the moments tends to align them along the field's direction. However, the random thermal motion of electrons produces a torque opposite to the external field and tries to disorient the moments. These two competing effects align only a few moments along the...
Properties of Organometallic Compounds01:23

Properties of Organometallic Compounds

Organometallic compounds are compounds that contain a carbon–metal bond. Carbon belongs to an organyl group like alkyl, aryl, allyl, or benzyl groups. The metal can be from Group I or Group II of the periodic table, a transition metal, or a semimetal.
Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...

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Measuring Magnetically-Tuned Ferroelectric Polarization in Liquid Crystals
07:03

Measuring Magnetically-Tuned Ferroelectric Polarization in Liquid Crystals

Published on: August 15, 2018

Magnetically ordered molecule-based materials.

Joel S Miller1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112-0850, USA. jsmiller@chem.utah.edu

Chemical Society Reviews
|April 12, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Molecule-based magnets utilize electron spins and coupling for magnetic ordering. This review covers structural dimensionality and magnetic ordering temperatures (Tc) of these advanced magnetic materials.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Chemistry
  • Physics

Background:

  • Molecular components with electron spins and coupling pathways enable bulk magnetic ordering.
  • Early examples include the ionic salt [Fe(C5Me5)2]+[TCNE]− (TCNE = tetracyanoethylene) and V[TCNE]x, exhibiting magnetic ordering at 4.8 K and 400 K, respectively.
  • Numerous organic and molecule-based magnets have since been developed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically review molecule-based magnets.
  • To discuss key aspects of magnetism relevant to these materials, including the determination of magnetic ordering temperature (Tc).
  • To analyze these materials from a structural dimensionality perspective.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on molecule-based magnets.
  • Analysis of magnetic ordering phenomena and structural characteristics.
  • Discussion of methods for determining magnetic ordering temperature (Tc).

Main Results:

  • Molecule-based magnets can achieve bulk magnetic ordering through molecular design.
  • Examples demonstrate a range of magnetic ordering temperatures, including above room temperature.
  • Structural dimensionality plays a crucial role in the magnetic properties of these materials.

Conclusions:

  • Molecule-based magnets represent a significant area of materials science research.
  • Understanding structure-property relationships is key to designing advanced magnetic materials.
  • Continued research into molecular magnetism promises novel applications.