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Basophil Activation Test for Allergy Diagnosis

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Urticaria: evaluation and treatment.

Paul Schaefer¹

¹University of Toledo College of Medicine, OH 43614, USA. paul.schaefer@utoledo.edu

American Family Physician

|May 4, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Urticaria, a common skin condition, is typically diagnosed clinically and often resolves within a year. Effective treatments include antihistamines, with many patients experiencing symptom improvement.

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Area of Science:

Dermatology
Allergology
Immunology

Background:

Urticaria, characterized by pruritic wheals, affects approximately 20% of the population.
It results from mast cell and basophil release of histamine, mediated by immunoglobulin E (IgE) and non-IgE pathways.
While often self-limited, urticaria can be chronic and occasionally indicate serious systemic conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide a comprehensive overview of urticaria diagnosis and management.
To discuss the pathophysiology involving histamine release.
To outline current treatment strategies for acute and chronic urticaria.

Main Methods:

Clinical diagnosis based on characteristic wheals and patient history.
Laboratory workup for chronic urticaria, guided by clinical suspicion.
Pharmacological treatment including antihistamines and other agents.

Main Results:

Chronic urticaria is frequently idiopathic, with triggers identified in only 10-20% of cases.
Second-generation antihistamines are the first-line treatment, with dosage titration recommended.
Over 50% of chronic urticaria patients experience symptom resolution or improvement within one year.

Conclusions:

Urticaria management relies on clinical diagnosis and trigger avoidance when possible.
Pharmacotherapy, primarily with antihistamines, is effective for symptom control.
Most cases of chronic urticaria show significant improvement over time.