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Related Concept Videos

X-ray Crystallography02:18

X-ray Crystallography

The size of the unit cell and the arrangement of atoms in a crystal may be determined from measurements of the diffraction of X-rays by the crystal, termed X-ray crystallography.
Diffraction
Diffraction is the change in the direction of travel experienced by an electromagnetic wave when it encounters a physical barrier whose dimensions are comparable to those of the wavelength of the light. X-rays are electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths about as long as the distance between neighboring...
Determination of Crystal Structures01:29

Determination of Crystal Structures

In the late 1800s, the revelation that light extended beyond visible wavelengths led to the discovery of X-rays by Wilhelm Roentgen. Recognized as high-energy electromagnetic radiation with short wavelengths, X-rays prompted exploration into their interaction with crystals. Max von Laue proposed in 1912 that the periodic arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules in crystals would cause them to diffract X-rays, a hypothesis confirmed through experiments with copper sulfate and zinc sulfide...
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X-ray Diffraction of Biological Samples

X-ray diffraction or XRD is an analytical tool that utilizes X-rays to study ordered structures such as crystalline organic and inorganic samples, polycrystalline materials, proteins, carbohydrates, and drugs.
According to Bragg's law, when X-rays strike the sample positioned on a stage, the rays are  scattered by the electron clouds around the sample atoms. The  X-ray diffraction or scattering is caused by constructive interference of the X-ray waves that reflect off the internal crystal...
X-ray Imaging01:24

X-ray Imaging

German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen (1845–1923) was experimenting with electrical current when he discovered that a mysterious and invisible "ray" would pass through his flesh but leave an outline of his bones on a screen coated with a metal compound. In 1895, Röntgen made the first durable record of the internal parts of a living human: an "X-ray" image (as it came to be called) of his wife’s hand. Scientists worldwide quickly began their own experiments with X-rays, and by 1900, X-ray was widely...

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Measurement of X-ray Beam Coherence along Multiple Directions Using 2-D Checkerboard Phase Grating
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Published on: October 11, 2016

Framework for three-dimensional coherent diffraction imaging by focused beam x-ray Bragg ptychography.

Stephan O Hruszkewycz1, Martin V Holt, Ash Tripathi

  • 1Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA. shrus@anl.gov

Optics Letters
|June 21, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Convergent beam Bragg ptychography enables nanocrystal reconstruction from X-ray diffraction data. This advanced imaging technique uses a 3D ptychographic iterative engine for high-resolution analysis.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Crystallography
  • Coherent X-ray Diffraction Imaging

Background:

  • Nanocrystal characterization is crucial for materials science.
  • Ptychography offers high-resolution imaging but requires adaptation for 3D nanocrystals.
  • Convergent beam X-ray diffraction presents unique challenges for reconstruction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a framework for convergent beam Bragg ptychography.
  • To demonstrate the feasibility of reconstructing nanocrystals using this method.
  • To extend ptychographic reconstruction to three dimensions for complex samples.

Main Methods:

  • Simulations of highly convergent X-ray Bragg diffraction.
  • Extension of the ptychographic iterative engine to three dimensions.
  • Utilizing overlapping raster scans with a defocused curved beam matching crystal size.

Main Results:

  • Successful ptychographic reconstruction of a simulated nanocrystal.
  • Demonstration of the framework's capability with complex diffraction patterns.
  • Validation of the 3D iterative engine for nanocrystal imaging.

Conclusions:

  • Convergent beam Bragg ptychography is a viable method for nanocrystal reconstruction.
  • The developed framework is suitable for coherent scanning nanoprobe X-ray sources.
  • This strategy advances coherent diffraction imaging of nanomaterials.