Perinatal implications of sickle cell disease

Area of Science:

• Obstetrics and Gynecology
• Hematology
• Nursing Science

Background:

• Sickle cell disease (SCD) impacts millions globally, affecting 70,000-100,000 in the U.S.
• SCD disproportionately affects African American and Hispanic American populations.
• Women with SCD face increased risks for adverse maternal and fetal outcomes during pregnancy.

Purpose of the Study:

• To outline essential nursing knowledge and care practices for laboring women with SCD.
• To emphasize the challenges and critical interventions in managing SCD during the intrapartum period.
• To highlight the importance of coordinated care for positive perinatal outcomes in SCD patients.

Main Methods:

• Review of nursing responsibilities and interventions for laboring patients with SCD.
• Identification of key areas for nursing vigilance, including pain differentiation and oxygenation monitoring.
• Emphasis on symptom management, patient safety, and patient education.

Main Results:

• Labor and delivery nurses require specialized knowledge to manage SCD complications.
• Accurate pain assessment (sickle cell crisis vs. contractions) and monitoring of maternal/fetal oxygenation are critical.
• Vigilance for emergency cesarean birth and comprehensive nursing interventions are necessary.

Conclusions:

• Optimal nursing care for women with SCD during labor and birth requires specific expertise.
• Effective management involves symptom and pain control, safety, education, and close monitoring.
• Interprofessional collaboration and clear communication are vital for successful perinatal outcomes in SCD.