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Updated: May 30, 2026
08:46
Force System with Vertical V-Bends: A 3D In Vitro Assessment of Elastic and Rigid Rectangular Archwires
Published on: July 24, 2018
Influence of wire extension and type on splint rigidity--evaluation by a dynamic and a static measuring method
Christine Berthold1, Friedrich Johannes Auer, Sergej Potapov
1Dental Clinic 1 - Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Friedrich-Alexander-University, Erlangen, Germany. berthold@dent.uni-erlangen.de
Summary
Wire dimensions and length significantly impact dental splint rigidity. For optimal fixation and reduced enamel damage risk, wire-composite splints should include only one adjacent healthy tooth on each side.
Area of Science:
- Dental materials science
- Biomaterials engineering
- Orthodontics
Background:
- Wire-composite splints are used for stabilizing traumatized teeth.
- Understanding factors affecting splint rigidity is crucial for clinical success.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate how wire dimensions and length influence the rigidity of wire-composite splints in vitro.
- To determine optimal splinting configurations for dental trauma management.
Main Methods:
- A custom artificial dental model simulated injured and uninjured teeth with varying mobility.
- Tooth mobility was assessed using Periotest and Zwick methods before and after splinting.
- Two types of wire-composite splints (WCS1 and WCS2) with varied wire dimensions and lengths were tested.
Main Results:
- Wire dimension significantly affected splint rigidity (P < 0.05).
- Wire length significantly influenced the rigidity of both tested splints in horizontal and/or vertical dimensions (P < 0.05).
- Splint rigidity decreased when only "injured" teeth were splinted compared to including adjacent "uninjured" teeth (P < 0.05).
Conclusions:
- Wire-composite splint 1 (WCS1) is more flexible than the more rigid wire-composite splint 2 (WCS2).
- Wire length is a critical factor influencing splint rigidity.
- To ensure effective fixation and minimize enamel damage during removal, splints should incorporate only one adjacent "uninjured" tooth bilaterally.
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