Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 29, 2026

08:55
Determining and Controlling External Power Output During Regular Handrim Wheelchair Propulsion
Published on: February 5, 2020
AORN ergonomic tool 7: pushing, pulling, and moving equipment on wheels.
Thomas Waters1, John D Lloyd, Edward Hernandez
1National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
AORN Journal
|September 3, 2011
Summary
Pushing and pulling heavy equipment in operating rooms can cause work-related musculoskeletal disorders. The AORN Ergonomic Tool 7 helps assess risks and suggests using assistive devices to improve safety for perioperative teams.
Area of Science:
- Occupational health
- Ergonomics
- Musculoskeletal health
Background:
- Perioperative team members experience high shear forces when moving wheeled equipment.
- These forces can lead to work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) affecting shoulder and back muscles and joints.
- Existing ergonomic assessments may not fully address the specific demands of OR equipment handling.
Purpose of the Study:
- To introduce the AORN Ergonomic Tool 7 for assessing risks associated with pushing and pulling tasks in the operating room.
- To provide evidence-based recommendations for using assistive devices during equipment mobility.
- To promote safer work practices and reduce the incidence of WMSDs in perioperative settings.
Main Methods:
- Development of the AORN Ergonomic Tool 7 based on current ergonomic safety concepts.
- Inclusion of scientific evidence and knowledge of effective technologies and procedures.
- Focus on risk assessment for pushing, pulling, and moving equipment on wheels.
Main Results:
- The tool offers a structured approach to evaluating the physical demands of moving equipment.
- It provides specific, evidence-based suggestions for risk mitigation, including the use of assistive devices.
- The tool integrates concepts of safe patient handling and mobility.
Conclusions:
- The AORN Ergonomic Tool 7 is a valuable resource for perioperative teams to identify and manage risks.
- Implementing the tool's recommendations can help prevent work-related musculoskeletal disorders.
- Promoting the use of assistive devices is crucial for enhancing safety in the operating room environment.
Related Concept Videos
Rolling Resistance: Problem Solving
Rolling resistance, also known as rolling friction, is the force that resists the motion of a rolling object, such as a wheel, tire, or ball, when it moves over a surface. It is caused by the deformation of the object and the surface in contact with each other, as well as other factors like internal friction, hysteresis, and energy losses within the materials. Rolling resistance opposes the object's motion, requiring additional energy to overcome it and maintain movement. In practical...
Net Torque Calculations
When a mechanic tries to remove a hex nut with a wrench, it is easier if the force is applied at the farthest end of the wrench handle. The lever arm is the distance from the pivot point (the hex nut in this case) to the person’s hand. If this distance is large, the torque is higher. Only the component of the force perpendicular to the lever arm contributes to the torque. Therefore, pushing the wrench perpendicular to the lever arm is more advantageous. If multiple people apply force to rotate...
Machines: Problem Solving II
Machines are complex structures consisting of movable, pin-connected multi-force members that work together to transmit forces. Consider a lifting tong carrying a 100 kg load. It comprises movable sections DAF and CBG linked together with member AB.
Machines
Machines are complex structures consisting of movable, pin-connected multi-force members that work together to transmit forces. One example of a machine is the cutting plier, which is used to cut wires by applying forces to its handles. When equal and opposite forces are exerted on the handles of the cutting plier, they cause the cutting edges to come together and apply equal and opposite reaction forces on the wire, which are greater than the applied forces.
A free-body diagram of the...
A free-body diagram of the...
Anatomical Movements
Anatomical movements refer to the various actions or motions that can be performed by the body's joints and muscles. These movements are described using specific terms to provide a standardized way of discussing and understanding the range of motion at different joints.
Here are some common anatomical movements:
Flexion and extension motions are in the sagittal (anterior–posterior) plane of motion. These movements take place at the shoulder, hip, elbow, knee, wrist, metacarpophalangeal,...
Here are some common anatomical movements:
Flexion and extension motions are in the sagittal (anterior–posterior) plane of motion. These movements take place at the shoulder, hip, elbow, knee, wrist, metacarpophalangeal,...
Upward Impending Motion
A square-threaded screw jack is a mechanical device widely used for lifting heavy loads or applying considerable force. Its operation is based on converting the force applied at its handle into a torsional moment, causing the upward impending motion of the screw. This movement is accomplished by overcoming the static friction between the threads of the screw and the jack.
To better comprehend how a screw jack functions, consider the completely unraveled thread as a block in contact with the...
To better comprehend how a screw jack functions, consider the completely unraveled thread as a block in contact with the...
