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Related Concept Videos

Cancer Vaccines01:30

Cancer Vaccines

Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 29, 2026

Paramyxoviruses for Tumor-targeted Immunomodulation: Design and Evaluation Ex Vivo
12:42

Paramyxoviruses for Tumor-targeted Immunomodulation: Design and Evaluation Ex Vivo

Published on: January 7, 2019

Cancer vaccines.

Margaret A Liu1

  • 1ProTherImmune and Karolinska Institutet, 3656 Happy Valley Road, Lafayette, CA 94549, USA. liu@protherimmune.com

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences
|September 7, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cancer vaccines and immunotherapies offer promising strategies for cancer prevention and treatment. Leveraging insights into the immune system and pathogen-linked cancers, these approaches aim to harness the body's defenses against malignant cells.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Vaccines are traditionally used for infectious disease prevention.
  • Certain pathogens are linked to cancer development, offering a rationale for prophylactic vaccines.
  • The immune system plays a crucial role in cancer surveillance and can be harnessed for therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the scientific rationale for cancer vaccines and immunotherapies.
  • To consider the global health needs for novel cancer control strategies.
  • To review examples, challenges, and successes in cancer vaccine development.

Main Methods:

  • Review of scientific literature on vaccines, immunotherapy, and cancer.
  • Analysis of the role of the immune system in cancer.
  • Examination of etiological links between pathogens and cancer.

Main Results:

  • Prophylactic vaccines (e.g., Hepatitis B vaccine) can prevent pathogen-induced cancers.
  • Monoclonal antibodies demonstrate the efficacy of immune-based cancer therapy.
  • Understanding immune surveillance and failure informs the design of cancer vaccines.

Conclusions:

  • Vaccines and immunotherapies represent a significant frontier in cancer prevention and treatment.
  • Further research and development are needed to overcome challenges and achieve greater success in cancer vaccines.