Related Concept Videos
01:24Working Memory
Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this information.
01:30Information Processing Approach
The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is also...
01:27Language and Cognition
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
01:10Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language
Language is a system of communication that allows the expression of thoughts, ideas, and feelings. The brain processes language in both hemispheres.
Language formation and comprehension take place in the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is responsible for understanding the meaning of spoken, written, or sign language, as well as the ability to communicate. For most people, the left hemisphere is the dominant one. The right hemisphere, then, gives tone and emotional context to the...
Language formation and comprehension take place in the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is responsible for understanding the meaning of spoken, written, or sign language, as well as the ability to communicate. For most people, the left hemisphere is the dominant one. The right hemisphere, then, gives tone and emotional context to the...
You might also read
Related Articles
Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.
Sort by
Same author
Lexical repertoire of 24 and 30-month-old children speaking Brazilian portuguese: preliminary results.
CoDAS·2024
Same author
Relationship between phonological working memory, metacognitive skills and reading comprehension in children with learning disabilities.
Journal of applied oral science : revista FOB·2018
Same author
Translation and cultural adaptation of the Aguado Syntax Test (AST) into Brazilian Portuguese.
CoDAS·2017
Same journal
Brazilian Congress of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology. Editorial.
Jornal da Sociedade Brasileira de Fonoaudiologia·2013
Same journal
This fourth issue presents with 18 contributions. Editorial.
Jornal da Sociedade Brasileira de Fonoaudiologia·2013
Same journal
Lingual frenulum: changes after frenectomy.
Jornal da Sociedade Brasileira de Fonoaudiologia·2013
Same journal
Characteristics of sequential swallowing of liquids in young and elderly adults: an integrative review.
Jornal da Sociedade Brasileira de Fonoaudiologia·2013
Same journal
Systematic analysis of the benefits of cochlear implants on voice production.
Jornal da Sociedade Brasileira de Fonoaudiologia·2013
Same journal
Auditory and oral language abilities in children with cochlear implants: a case study.
Jornal da Sociedade Brasileira de Fonoaudiologia·2013
Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 28, 2026
09:05
Assessing Working Memory in Children: The Comprehensive Assessment Battery for Children – Working Memory (CABC-WM)
Published on: June 12, 2017
Phonological working memory: a comparative study between different age groups.
Marcia Aparecida Grivol1, Simone Rocha de Vasconcellos Hage
1Universidade de São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brasil. mgrivol@yahoo.com.br
Jornal Da Sociedade Brasileira De Fonoaudiologia
|October 21, 2011
Summary
Phonological working memory declines with aging, with elderly individuals showing lower performance than children and adults. Adults demonstrated the best performance in non-word and digit repetition tasks, indicating superior verbal material storage abilities.
More Related Videos
07:01Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment
Published on: September 20, 2020
06:48Lexical Decision Task for Studying Written Word Recognition in Adults with and without Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment
Published on: June 25, 2019
Area of Science:
- Cognitive Psychology
- Neuroscience
- Developmental Psychology
Background:
- Phonological working memory (PWM) is crucial for language processing and shows developmental changes.
- PWM abilities are known to mature until a certain age and may decline in older adults.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate age-related differences in phonological working memory performance.
- To assess PWM in children, adults, and the elderly using non-word and digit repetition tasks.
Main Methods:
- A cohort of 90 healthy participants was divided into three age groups: children (6-8 years), adults (19-35 years), and elderly (60+ years).
- Participants completed non-word repetition (2-5 syllables) and digit span (forward and backward) tasks.
- Statistical analysis was employed to compare performance across age groups.
Main Results:
- Significant differences in non-word repetition scores were observed across all groups (elderly < children < adults).
- Digit repetition tasks (forward, backward, and total score) also revealed significant differences, with performance ranking as children < elderly < adults.
- Adults consistently outperformed both children and the elderly in most phonological working memory measures.
Conclusions:
- Phonological working memory capacity diminishes with advanced age, supporting the hypothesis of age-related decline.
- Adults exhibit peak performance in PWM, highlighting their enhanced capacity for verbal information storage.
- These findings underscore the impact of aging on cognitive functions related to verbal memory.