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Related Concept Videos

G-Protein Gated Ion Channels01:21

G-Protein Gated Ion Channels

GPCRs are primarily responsible for our sense of smell, taste, and vision.  The binding of a sensory stimulus activates GPCR to stimulate effector proteins, many of which are ion channels in the sensory organs. GPCRs modulate the opening and closing of the target ion channels either directly by binding them, or by releasing second messengers that activate these channels. As ions move across the membrane, the membrane potential is altered, which induces an appropriate response.
Sensory organs,...
G Protein-coupled Receptors01:15

G Protein-coupled Receptors

G Protein-Coupled Receptors or GPCRs are membrane-bound receptors that transiently associate with heterotrimeric G proteins and induce an appropriate response to sensory stimuli such as light, odors, hormones, cytokines, or neurotransmitters.
GPCRs are also called heptahelical, 7TM, or serpentine receptors, and consist of seven (H1-H7) transmembrane alpha-helices that span the bilayer to form a cylindrical core. The transmembrane helices are connected by three extracellular loops and three...
G Protein-coupled Receptors01:15

G Protein-coupled Receptors

G Protein-Coupled Receptors or GPCRs are membrane-bound receptors that transiently associate with heterotrimeric G proteins and induce an appropriate response to sensory stimuli such as light, odors, hormones, cytokines, or neurotransmitters.
GPCRs are also called heptahelical, 7TM, or serpentine receptors, and consist of seven (H1-H7) transmembrane alpha-helices that span the bilayer to form a cylindrical core. The transmembrane helices are connected by three extracellular loops and three...
Ligand-gated Ion Channels01:19

Ligand-gated Ion Channels

Ligand-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins with a channel for ions to pass through and a binding site for a ligand. The channel opens only when a ligand attaches to the binding site.
Three Subfamilies of Ligand-gated Ion Channels
Ligand-gated ion channels fall into three subfamilies. The 'Cys-loop' includes the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glycine, and 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors. The second one is the 'Pore-loop' channels that include the...
Ligand-gated Ion Channels01:19

Ligand-gated Ion Channels

Ligand-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins with a channel for ions to pass through and a binding site for a ligand. The channel opens only when a ligand attaches to the binding site.
Three Subfamilies of Ligand-gated Ion Channels
Ligand-gated ion channels fall into three subfamilies. The 'Cys-loop' includes the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glycine, and 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors. The second one is the 'Pore-loop' channels that include the...
Ligand-Gated Ion Channel Receptor: Gating Mechanism01:30

Ligand-Gated Ion Channel Receptor: Gating Mechanism

Ligand-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that play a vital role in intercellular communication and functions of the nervous system. They allow the influx of ions across the membrane once the neurotransmitter binds, allowing the subsequent transmission of electrical excitation across the neurons. Other ligand-gated ion channels, like the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor, permit anions like chloride into the cells on the binding of the GABA molecule. Their entry into the cell...

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Measuring G-protein-coupled Receptor Signaling via Radio-labeled GTP Binding
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Guide to Receptors and Channels (GRAC), 5th edition.

Stephen P H Alexander1, Alistair Mathie, John A Peters

  • 1School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Nottingham Medical School, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK. steve.alexander@nottingham.ac.uk

British Journal of Pharmacology
|November 2, 2011
PubMed
Summary

The Fifth Edition of the Guide to Receptors and Channels provides a comprehensive catalog of major pharmacological targets, including G protein-coupled receptors and enzymes. An accompanying online portal offers free access to this updated information.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • The 'Guide to Receptors and Channels' serves as a critical reference for pharmacological targets.
  • Accurate nomenclature and information on pharmacological tools are essential for researchers.
  • Previous editions have established the guide's importance in the scientific community.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present the Fifth Edition of the 'Guide to Receptors and Channels', a comprehensive compilation of major pharmacological targets.
  • To provide updated nomenclature guidance and summary information on the best pharmacological tools.
  • To offer free online access to this information through an associated portal.

Main Methods:

  • Compilation of major pharmacological targets into seven distinct sections.
  • Inclusion of nomenclature guidance for each target class.
  • Summary of the most effective pharmacological tools and suggestions for further reading.

Main Results:

  • The Fifth Edition categorizes targets into G protein-coupled receptors, ligand-gated ion channels, ion channels, catalytic receptors, nuclear receptors, transporters, and enzymes.
  • Detailed information on pharmacological tools and further reading is provided for each category.
  • An associated online portal (http://www.GuideToPharmacology.org) offers free, up-to-date access to the guide's content.

Conclusions:

  • The Fifth Edition represents a significant update to the 'Guide to Receptors and Channels'.
  • The integrated online portal ensures broad and continuous accessibility to this vital pharmacological information.
  • This resource aids researchers in identifying and utilizing key pharmacological targets effectively.