Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Protein Diffusion in the Membrane01:24

Protein Diffusion in the Membrane

Proteins show rotational as well as lateral diffusion across the membrane. The lateral diffusion of proteins was confirmed through the cell fusion experiment where mouse and human cells were fused, resulting in hybrid cells. When the human and mouse cells fused, the specific membrane proteins on human and mouse cells were marked with the red and green-fluorescent markers, respectively. Initially, the red and green fluorescence was located on the respective hemisphere of the cell. As time...
Symmetry Elements in a Crystal01:27

Symmetry Elements in a Crystal

Crystal symmetry operations are isometric transformations that map objects onto indistinguishable copies while preserving distances, angles, and volumes. The simplest symmetry operation is translation, which shifts the entire infinite crystal lattice parallelly by a translation vector.Crystallographic rotations involve rotations by an angle of 2π/n around an axis without changing the positions of points on the axis. It is called the rotational axis of the symmetry, denoted by n. The combination...
Molecular Shapes01:18

Molecular Shapes

Molecules have characteristic shapes that are crucial for their function. The arrangement of various electron groups around the central atom dictates their molecular geometry. Electron pairs in the valence shell of a central atom will adopt an arrangement that minimizes repulsions between the electron pairs by maximizing the distance between them. The valence electrons form either bonding pairs, located primarily between bonded atoms, or lone pairs.
Two regions of electron density in a diatomic...
Diffusion01:21

Diffusion

Diffusion is a type of passive transport. In passive transport, a substance tends to move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration until the concentration is equal across the space. For example, take the diffusion of substances through the air. When someone opens a perfume bottle in a room filled with people, the perfume is at its highest concentration in the bottle and is at its lowest at the edges of the room. The perfume vapor will diffuse, or spread away, from the...
Diffusion01:12

Diffusion

Diffusion is the passive movement of substances down their concentration gradients—requiring no expenditure of cellular energy. Substances, such as molecules or ions, diffuse from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration in the cytosol or across membranes. Eventually, the concentration will even out, with the substance moving randomly but causing no net change in concentration. Such a state is called dynamic equilibrium, which is essential for maintaining overall...
Molecular Shape and Polarity03:37

Molecular Shape and Polarity

Dipole Moment of a Molecule

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Implementation of radio-frequency magnetic fields for electron spin resonance in a low-temperature atomic force microscope.

The Review of scientific instruments·2026
Same author

A Free N-Heterocyclic Carbene and Its Metal Complex.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same author

A molecule with half-Möbius topology.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same author

Cryogenic amplifier with high sensitivity and stability for noise-STM.

The Review of scientific instruments·2026
Same author

Combined In-Solution and On-Surface Synthesis of a Fully Fused Cross-Shaped Phthalocyanine Pentamer.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2025
Same author

Elucidating the Role of NaCl in the on-Surface Synthesis of Conjugated Azaacene Polymers on Au(111).

Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2025
Same journal

Erratum: Bacterial Turbulence at Compressible Fluid Interfaces [Phys. Rev. Lett. 136, 138301 (2026)].

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Unveiling Light-Quark Yukawa Flavor Structure via Dihadron Fragmentation at Lepton Colliders.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Adaptable Route to Fast Coherent State Transport via Bang-Bang-Bang Protocols.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Topological Transition and Emergence of Elasticity of Dislocation in Skyrmion Lattice: Beyond Kittel's Magnetic-Polar Analogy.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Pound-Drever-Hall Method for Superconducting-Qubit Readout.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Coupling a ^{73}Ge Nuclear Spin to an Electrostatically Defined Quantum Dot in Silicon.

Physical review letters·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 27, 2026

Spot Variation Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy for Analysis of Molecular Diffusion at the Plasma Membrane of Living Cells
05:56

Spot Variation Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy for Analysis of Molecular Diffusion at the Plasma Membrane of Living Cells

Published on: November 12, 2020

Molecular symmetry governs surface diffusion.

Tobias Sonnleitner1, Ingmar Swart, Niko Pavliček

  • 1Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany.

Physical Review Letters
|November 24, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Molecular symmetry dictates surface potential landscapes. Different isomers of copper(II)-tetraazaphthalocyanine molecules exhibit distinct nonthermal diffusion on NaCl(100), proving symmetry

More Related Videos

Image Processing Protocol for the Analysis of the Diffusion and Cluster Size of Membrane Receptors by Fluorescence Microscopy
12:15

Image Processing Protocol for the Analysis of the Diffusion and Cluster Size of Membrane Receptors by Fluorescence Microscopy

Published on: April 9, 2019

Synthesis of Cyclic Polymers and Characterization of Their Diffusive Motion in the Melt State at the Single Molecule Level
06:55

Synthesis of Cyclic Polymers and Characterization of Their Diffusive Motion in the Melt State at the Single Molecule Level

Published on: September 26, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 27, 2026

Spot Variation Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy for Analysis of Molecular Diffusion at the Plasma Membrane of Living Cells
05:56

Spot Variation Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy for Analysis of Molecular Diffusion at the Plasma Membrane of Living Cells

Published on: November 12, 2020

Image Processing Protocol for the Analysis of the Diffusion and Cluster Size of Membrane Receptors by Fluorescence Microscopy
12:15

Image Processing Protocol for the Analysis of the Diffusion and Cluster Size of Membrane Receptors by Fluorescence Microscopy

Published on: April 9, 2019

Synthesis of Cyclic Polymers and Characterization of Their Diffusive Motion in the Melt State at the Single Molecule Level
06:55

Synthesis of Cyclic Polymers and Characterization of Their Diffusive Motion in the Melt State at the Single Molecule Level

Published on: September 26, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Surface science
  • Physical chemistry
  • Molecular physics

Background:

  • Symmetry principles are fundamental in chemistry and physics.
  • Selection rules for optical transitions are governed by symmetry.
  • Understanding molecule-substrate interactions is crucial for surface science.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the influence of molecular symmetry on surface potential landscapes.
  • Study the weak molecule-substrate binding regime.
  • Analyze the lateral motion of symmetry-distinct isomers.

Main Methods:

  • Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) was employed.
  • Studied Cu(II)-tetraazaphthalocyanine molecules on NaCl(100).
  • Investigated nonthermal diffusion induced by inelastic excitations.

Main Results:

  • Four symmetry-distinct isomers of Cu(II)-tetraazaphthalocyanine were studied.
  • Nonthermal diffusion behavior varied qualitatively among isomers.
  • Demonstrated that molecular symmetry governs the surface potential landscape.

Conclusions:

  • Molecular symmetry plays a critical role in determining surface diffusion.
  • The surface potential landscape is directly influenced by molecular symmetry.
  • Symmetry-driven differences in diffusion offer insights into molecule-surface interactions.