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Biocompatibility and bone formation with porous modified PMMA in normal and irradiated mandibular tissue
Kok Weng Lye1, Henk Tideman, Joop C G Wolke
1Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, National Dental Centre of Singapore, Singapore. kokwenglye@yahoo.com
Unlabelled:
A cemented mandibular endoprosthesis is a potentially viable option for mandibular reconstruction after ablative surgery. The commonly used PMMA cement has the inherent weakness of a lack of bioactivity. Improvement by the addition of porosities and bioactive compounds like calcium phosphates may resolve this issue.
Objective:
The objective of this study was to assess the bone and tissue response to two modified PMMA cements with post-operative radiation as an additional influencing factor.
Materials & Methods:
An in vivo animal study was performed using a mandibular rabbit model. A porous PMMA cement (A) and a porous cement incorporated with Beta-tricalcium phosphate particles (b-TCP) (B) were placed in bilateral mandibular defects with exposed roots and mandibular nerve of 20 animals. Half of the animals underwent additional post-operative radiation.
Results:
The animals were healthy with only a minor complication in one rabbit. Temperature analysis showed no significant risk of thermal necrosis with the maximal in vivo cement temperature at 37.8°C. Histology demonstrated: (1) good bone ingrowth around the defect as well as within the pores of the cement and defect bridging was achieved in 70% of the specimens after 12-15 weeks of implantation, (2) no pulpal injury with minor secondary cementum response, (3) an intact mandibular nerve with no inflammation, (4) extensive degradation and resorption of the b-TCP particles by 12-15 weeks, and (5) presence of an intervening thin fibrous tissue at the bone-to-cement interface. Histomorphometrical analysis revealed that there was no difference between the different cements and the presence or absence of post-operative radiation. The 12-15 weeks specimens showed significantly more bone ingrowth and bone maturity than the 4-7 weeks specimens.
Conclusion:
Both modified PMMA cements have good biocompatibility, bioactivity and support bone ingrowth and additional post-operative radiation did not show any negative effects.
