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Related Concept Videos

The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom02:45

The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom

Shortly after de Broglie published his ideas that the electron in a hydrogen atom could be better thought of as being a circular standing wave instead of a particle moving in quantized circular orbits, Erwin Schrödinger extended de Broglie’s work by deriving what is now known as the Schrödinger equation. When Schrödinger applied his equation to hydrogen-like atoms, he was able to reproduce Bohr’s expression for the energy and, thus, the Rydberg formula governing hydrogen spectra. Schrödinger...
2D NMR: Overview of Heteronuclear Correlation Techniques01:18

2D NMR: Overview of Heteronuclear Correlation Techniques

Heteronuclear correlation spectroscopy is an analytical technique that investigates the coupling between different types of nuclei, often a proton and an X-nucleus, such as carbon-13 or nitrogen-15. This method is commonly used in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to gain insights into complex chemical compounds' structural and compositional aspects. A typical heteronuclear correlation spectrum displays X-nucleus chemical shifts on one axis and a proton spectrum on the other axis.
First Law: Particles in One-dimensional Equilibrium01:10

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Newton's first law of motion states that a body at rest remains at rest, or if in motion, remains in motion at constant velocity, unless acted on by a net external force. It also states that there must be a cause for any change in velocity (a change in either magnitude or direction) to occur. This cause is a net external force. For example, consider what happens to an object sliding along a rough horizontal surface. The object quickly grinds to a halt, due to the net force of friction. If we...
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Recall that a particle in equilibrium is one for which the external forces are balanced. Static equilibrium involves objects at rest, and dynamic equilibrium involves objects in motion without acceleration; but it is important to remember that these conditions are relative. For instance, an object may be at rest when viewed from one frame of reference, but that same object would appear to be in motion when viewed by someone moving at a constant velocity.
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Quantum Numbers02:43

Quantum Numbers

It is said that the energy of an electron in an atom is quantized; that is, it can be equal only to certain specific values and can jump from one energy level to another but not transition smoothly or stay between these levels.
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2D NMR: Heteronuclear Single-Quantum Correlation Spectroscopy (HSQC)

Heteronuclear single-quantum correlation spectroscopy (HSQC) is a 2D NMR technique that reveals one-bond correlations between hydrogen and a heteronucleus. The HSQC experiment is similar to the heteronuclear correlation experiment (HETCOR) but is more sensitive. In the HSQC spectrum, the proton chemical shift is plotted on the horizontal F2 axis, while the 13C chemical shift is plotted on the vertical F1 axis. The corresponding proton and 13C spectra are also shown. The HSQC contour plot does...

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Updated: May 26, 2026

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference
07:56

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference

Published on: September 5, 2019

Genuine quantum and classical correlations in multipartite systems.

Gian Luca Giorgi1, Bruno Bellomo, Fernando Galve

  • 1IFISC, UIB-CSIC, Instituto de Física Interdisciplinar y Sistemas Complejos, UIB Campus, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.

Physical Review Letters
|December 21, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers defined genuine total, quantum, and classical correlations for multipartite systems. For three-qubit pure states, quantum and classical correlations follow a specific ordering law based on mutual information.

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Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators
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Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators

Published on: May 30, 2014

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Last Updated: May 26, 2026

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference
07:56

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference

Published on: September 5, 2019

Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators
09:23

Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators

Published on: May 30, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Theory
  • Quantum Many-Body Systems

Background:

  • Quantifying correlations in quantum systems is crucial for understanding quantum mechanics.
  • Existing measures often focus on bipartite (two-party) systems.
  • Extending these measures to multipartite (many-party) systems presents significant challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To generalize correlation measures from bipartite to multipartite quantum systems.
  • To define genuine total, quantum, and classical correlations in a multipartite context.
  • To investigate the structure of these correlations in specific multipartite states.

Main Methods:

  • Generalization of existing correlation quantifiers.
  • Utilizing relative entropy to measure distances between quantum states (density matrices).
  • Analysis of pure states of three qubits.

Main Results:

  • A generalized framework for defining total, quantum, and classical correlations in multipartite systems.
  • A novel measure for multipartite correlations based on relative entropy.
  • Demonstration of a ladder ordering law for quantum and classical correlations in three-qubit pure states, linked to one- and two-body information measures.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed framework provides a robust way to quantify correlations in complex quantum systems.
  • The identified ordering law offers insights into the structure of quantum and classical correlations in multipartite systems.
  • The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of quantum entanglement and information in many-body systems.