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Related Concept Videos

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Surface, Infiltration, and Conduction Block Anesthesia01:30

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Surface, Infiltration, and Conduction Block Anesthesia

Depending on the target organ, local anesthetics (LAs) can be administered via various routes. In surface anesthesia, LAs are applied directly to the surface of the skin or mucous membranes. It is widely used for topical skin numbing before venipuncture or minor surgical procedures. Commonly used surface local anesthetics are lidocaine or benzocaine sprays or creams. Surface anesthesia occurs within 5 minutes and lasts for about 60 minutes. One of the main disadvantages of topical anesthesia is...
Local Anesthetics: Common Agents and Their Applications01:23

Local Anesthetics: Common Agents and Their Applications

Local anesthetics (LAs) are commonly used for various applications in medical and dental procedures. Some of the common agents used are cocaine, lidocaine, and bupivacaine.
Cocaine is an ester of benzoic acid and methylecgogine. It is used to anesthetize and vasoconstrict locally. Currently, it is used primarily for topical applications. It is beneficial for surgeries on the upper respiratory tract, providing anesthesia and shrinking the mucosa. Cocaine in the form of cocaine hydrochloride is...
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Intravenous Regional Anesthesia01:16

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Intravenous Regional Anesthesia

Intravenous regional anesthesia or the Bier block technique is used to anesthetize a specific limb or extremity. It uses exsanguinated or blood-drained vessels to transport local anesthetics or LAs to the peripheral nerve trunks. Lidocaine without vasoconstrictors like epinephrine is most commonly used for this technique. Other drugs used are prilocaine, ropivacaine, and chloroprocaine. Bupivacaine is not recommended for this technique due to its high cardiac toxicity.
One of the advantages of...
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia01:29

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia

Epidural anesthetics are administered in the fat-filled epidural space, the outermost part of the spinal canal. This technique is commonly employed for pain management and anesthesia during lower abdomen and pelvis surgeries or labor and delivery.
Since epidural anesthetics can be infused through an epidural catheter, all types of drugs, including short-acting ones, can be administered. Chloroprocaine and lidocaine are examples of short and long-duration anesthetics, respectively. Bupivacaine...
Local Anesthetics: Pharmacokinetics01:13

Local Anesthetics: Pharmacokinetics

The potency and duration of action of local anesthetics (LAs) are determined by their pharmacokinetics. Pharmacokinetics describes how LAs are absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and eliminated from the body. When administered to the vascular tissues, LAs are quickly absorbed and enter the systemic circulation, reducing their localized effects. Adding vasoconstrictors such as epinephrine to LAs reduces their absorption into the systemic circulation, making them clinically effective. The...
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia01:11

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia

Spinal anesthetics are given during lower abdomen and limb surgeries to block sensory and motor neurons. They are administered in the mid to low lumbar regions, primarily acting on the cauda equina's nerve roots. The blockade level depends on the local anesthetic (LA) concentration. Usually, low LA concentrations are sufficient to block sensory fibers, while only high LA concentrations block motor fibers. Other factors like injection volume and speed, the patient's posture, and the drug...

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[Local anesthetic procedures in dermatology: Part 1: principles].

Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift fur Dermatologie, Venerologie, und verwandte Gebiete·2012
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Updated: May 24, 2026

CO2-Lasertonsillotomy Under Local Anesthesia in Adults
05:07

CO2-Lasertonsillotomy Under Local Anesthesia in Adults

Published on: November 6, 2019

[Local anesthetic procedures in dermatology. Part 2: Practical aspects].

D Dill-Müller1

  • 1Hautklinik Lüdenscheid, Märkische Kliniken GmbH, Paulmannshöherstr. 14, 58511, Lüdenscheid, Deutschland. dorothee.dill-mueller@klinikum-luedenscheid.de

Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift Fur Dermatologie, Venerologie, Und Verwandte Gebiete
|February 22, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Local anesthesia is widely used in dermatologic surgery for safe and effective pain relief during procedures. Techniques like tumescent local anesthesia offer versatile options for various skin and soft tissue surgeries.

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Last Updated: May 24, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatologic Surgery
  • Anesthesiology

Context:

  • Local anesthesia is the predominant method for dermatologic surgery.
  • It ensures patient comfort and consciousness during painful procedures.
  • Various local anesthetic techniques exist, including topical and cryoanesthesia.

Purpose:

  • To review the diverse methods of local anesthesia in dermatologic surgery.
  • To highlight the safety and efficacy of these techniques.
  • To discuss the expanding applications of tumescent local anesthesia.

Summary:

  • Local anesthesia provides safe and effective analgesia for skin and subcutaneous tissue procedures.
  • It enables patients to tolerate painful interventions while remaining conscious.
  • Tumescent local anesthesia is increasingly utilized for tumor excision and extensive soft tissue procedures.

Impact:

  • Facilitates a broad range of dermatologic surgical procedures.
  • Offers alternatives to general anesthesia, improving patient outcomes.
  • Expands the utility of local anesthesia in complex surgical cases.