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Updated: May 24, 2026
11:51
Combining Behavioral Endocrinology and Experimental Economics: Testosterone and Social Decision Making
Published on: March 2, 2011
Transversal European survey on testosterone deficiency diagnosis
Hermann M Behre1, Sophie Christin-Maitre, Antonio Martin Morales
1Center for Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, University Hospital Halle (Saale), Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Germany.
Summary
Testosterone deficiency syndrome (TDS) is under-diagnosed in aging men. European physician practices for TDS diagnosis and management align with guidelines, though some variations exist.
Area of Science:
- Andrology
- Endocrinology
- Public Health
Background:
- Testosterone deficiency syndrome (TDS) is a significant public health concern in aging men.
- TDS remains under-recognized and under-diagnosed despite its prevalence.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate European physicians' current practices for diagnosing and managing TDS.
- Compare clinical practices against established international guidelines.
Main Methods:
- A postal survey was conducted from June to November 2008.
- Involved 801 urologists, endocrinologists, and general practitioners across France, Germany, Italy, and Spain.
- Collected data on physician knowledge regarding TDS.
Main Results:
- Most endocrinologists and urologists received TDS training.
- 86.5% recognized TDS as a clinical entity, estimating 10-15% prevalence.
- Preferred treatments included intramuscular injections, gels, and patches, with concerns about adverse effects like BPH and prostate cancer.
Conclusions:
- Physician management of TDS generally aligns with international guidelines.
- While symptoms are recognized, variations in diagnosis and treatment approaches were noted.
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