Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Feedback Regulation of Calcium Concentration01:27

Feedback Regulation of Calcium Concentration

Calcium is an essential signaling molecule required for various cellular functions. Calcium pumps and ion channels on cell and organellar membranes, such as those on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), regulate calcium concentrations inside the cell. They remain closed, keeping the cytosolic calcium levels low at a resting state.
Various transmembrane receptors, such as G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), elicit a response to extracellular signals by increasing cytosolic calcium. Activated GPCRs...
Electrophysiology of Normal Cardiac Rhythm01:19

Electrophysiology of Normal Cardiac Rhythm

The normal cardiac rhythm is a synchronized electrical activity that facilitates the regular and coordinated contraction of the heart muscle. This process is essential for efficient blood circulation throughout the body. The fundamental elements involved in establishing and maintaining this rhythm include the unique electrical properties of cardiac muscle cells, the sinoatrial (SA) node's pacemaker function, the specialized conducting system, and the ionic mechanisms underlying each phase of...
Calmodulin-dependent Signaling01:16

Calmodulin-dependent Signaling

Calmodulin (CaM) is a calcium-binding protein in eukaryotes that controls various calcium-regulated cellular processes. It has four calcium-binding sites that bind calcium to form the calcium-calmodulin ( Ca2+-CaM) complex. GPCR stimulation increases the calcium levels in the cells that bind to CaM and induces a conformational change.
The Ca2+-CaM complex does not have enzymatic activity by itself. Instead, the complex binds downstream target proteins, including membrane proteins or enzymes,...
Mechanism of Cardiac Arrhythmias01:28

Mechanism of Cardiac Arrhythmias

Arrhythmias are irregular heart rhythms occurring when the heart's electrical impulses become abnormal. These disturbances can lead to various symptoms, depending on their severity and the underlying cause. Some common factors contributing to arrhythmias include hypoxia, ischemia, electrolyte imbalances, excessive catecholamine exposure, drug toxicity, and muscle overstretching. Arrhythmias can be classified into two main types based on the rate and site of origin of abnormal heart rhythms.
Conduction System of the Heart01:19

Conduction System of the Heart

Autorhythmicity is a term that refers to the heart's inherent ability to generate electrical signals and instigate muscle contractions. This self-regulating conduction system within the heart consists of two key components: the pacemaker cells and specialized conducting cells.
The pacemaker cells are located in two primary nodes: the sinoatrial (SA) node and the atrioventricular (AV) node. The SA node pacemaker cells can autonomously depolarize, triggering an action potential that leads to the...
Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis01:21

Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis

Calcium is not only the most abundant mineral in bone but also the most abundant mineral in the human body. Calcium ions are needed for bone mineralization, tooth health, heart rate regulation and strength of contraction, blood coagulation, the contraction of smooth and skeletal muscle cells, and the regulation of nerve impulse conduction. The average calcium level in the blood is about 10 mg/dL. When the body cannot maintain this level, a person will experience hypo or hypercalcemia.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Experimental data manipulations to assess performance of hyperspectral classification models of crop seeds and other objects.

Plant methods·2022
Same author

Hypoxia driven opioid targeted automated device for overdose rescue.

Scientific reports·2022
Same author

Venous Vasomotion.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology·2019
Same author

Tri-Scan: A Three Stage Color Enhancement Tool for Endoscopic Images.

Journal of medical systems·2017
Same author

Heritability of ECG Biomarkers in the Netherlands Twin Registry Measured from Holter ECGs.

Frontiers in physiology·2016
Same author

Color reproduction and processing algorithm based on real-time mapping for endoscopic images.

SpringerPlus·2016
Same journal

Mammalian Respiratory Chain Complex Assemblies and Their Links to Mitochondria Stress-Induced Human Diseases.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology·2026
Same journal

Enzyme Assemblies in Nucleotide Metabolism: Structure, Regulation, and Disease Implications.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology·2026
Same journal

The Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex: A 90-Year-Old Enigma Shaping the Future of Structural Enzymology.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology·2026
Same journal

Regulation of the Anti-termination RNA Transcription Complex by Lon-Mediated Lambda N Degradation.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology·2026
Same journal

PCNA Macromolecular Complexes: PCNA Serves as a Molecular Hub Regulating Multiple Cellular Processes Inside and Outside of the Nucleus.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology·2026
Same journal

Dynamic Assemblies in Genome Maintenance.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2026

Recording Gamma Band Oscillations in Pedunculopontine Nucleus Neurons
09:04

Recording Gamma Band Oscillations in Pedunculopontine Nucleus Neurons

Published on: September 14, 2016

Calcium oscillations and pacemaking.

Mohammad S Imtiaz1

  • 1Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Health Sciences Centre, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada. mimtiaz@ucalgary.ca

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|March 29, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Calcium stores are crucial regulators of biological rhythms, working alongside ion channels to control processes like muscle contraction and nerve signaling. This review explores their vital role in maintaining physiological rhythms.

More Related Videos

Measuring Fast Calcium Fluxes in Cardiomyocytes
12:10

Measuring Fast Calcium Fluxes in Cardiomyocytes

Published on: November 29, 2011

Generation of Local CA1 γ Oscillations by Tetanic Stimulation
08:02

Generation of Local CA1 γ Oscillations by Tetanic Stimulation

Published on: August 14, 2015

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 23, 2026

Recording Gamma Band Oscillations in Pedunculopontine Nucleus Neurons
09:04

Recording Gamma Band Oscillations in Pedunculopontine Nucleus Neurons

Published on: September 14, 2016

Measuring Fast Calcium Fluxes in Cardiomyocytes
12:10

Measuring Fast Calcium Fluxes in Cardiomyocytes

Published on: November 29, 2011

Generation of Local CA1 γ Oscillations by Tetanic Stimulation
08:02

Generation of Local CA1 γ Oscillations by Tetanic Stimulation

Published on: August 14, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Calcium ions (Ca2+) are essential for numerous biological processes, including cell signaling, muscle contraction, and neuromodulation.
  • Rhythmic biological activities, such as heartbeats and smooth muscle contractions, are driven by action potentials generated through ion channel dynamics.
  • While ion channels are recognized pacemakers, the interplay between intracellular Ca2+ stores and these channels is critical for establishing and regulating rhythmic behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the significant role of intracellular calcium stores in regulating the rhythmical behavior of biological systems.
  • To highlight the intricate relationship between calcium stores and ion channels in generating and controlling physiological rhythms.

Main Methods:

  • This is a review article, synthesizing existing research on calcium's role in biological rhythms.
  • Literature search and analysis focusing on studies investigating intracellular calcium stores and their interaction with ion channels.
  • Examination of mechanisms underlying calcium-induced oscillations and their impact on cellular and tissue-level rhythmicity.

Main Results:

  • Intracellular calcium stores, such as the sarcoplasmic reticulum and endoplasmic reticulum, are key modulators of cellular excitability and rhythmicity.
  • The dynamic release and reuptake of calcium by these stores directly influence the activity of plasma membrane ion channels, thereby controlling action potential generation.
  • Disruptions in calcium store function can lead to arrhythmogenic activity and are implicated in various pathologies.

Conclusions:

  • Intracellular calcium stores are not merely passive reservoirs but active participants in the generation and regulation of biological rhythms.
  • Understanding the complex crosstalk between calcium stores and ion channels is fundamental for comprehending physiological pacing and developing therapeutic strategies for rhythm disorders.