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Updated: May 23, 2026
09:29
Early Viral Entry Assays for the Identification and Evaluation of Antiviral Compounds
Published on: October 29, 2015
Novel approaches to inhibit HIV entry
Chukwuka A Didigu1, Robert W Doms
1Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3610 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. cdidigu@mail.med.upenn.edu
Viruses
|April 4, 2012
Summary
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) entry into cells is a complex process targeted by genetic resistance and entry inhibitors. This review covers HIV entry mechanisms, inhibitors, and novel genetic strategies for blocking infection.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Immunology
- Genetics
Background:
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) entry into host cells is a critical step in infection.
- This process involves the viral envelope glycoprotein (Env) binding to CD4 receptors and coreceptors (CCR5 or CXCR4).
- Genetic variations, like the CCR5 delta 32 (ccr5∆32) deletion, confer resistance to HIV infection.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the mechanisms of HIV entry into target cells.
- To provide an overview of approved HIV entry inhibitors.
- To highlight novel genetic strategies for blocking HIV entry.
Main Methods:
- Review of scientific literature on HIV entry mechanisms.
- Analysis of approved small molecule entry inhibitors.
- Examination of genetic modification strategies targeting the CCR5 gene.
Main Results:
- Understanding HIV entry pathways has led to the development of entry inhibitors.
- Genetic polymorphisms, such as ccr5∆32, demonstrate natural resistance to HIV.
- Hematopoietic stem cell transplants with ccr5∆32 cells show potential for HIV control.
Conclusions:
- Blocking HIV entry is a viable therapeutic strategy.
- Genetic modification of CCR5 offers a promising avenue for HIV treatment.
- Continued research into HIV entry mechanisms is crucial for developing new therapies.
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