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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the progression...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment01:25

Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment

Transmission-based precautions are for patients infected or suspected to be infected (or colonized) with organisms posing a significant risk to others. The transmission precautions include airborne and protective environment precautions.
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...

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Scaling up interventions to achieve global tuberculosis control: progress and new developments.

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  • 1STOP TB Department, WHO, Geneva, Switzerland.

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Global tuberculosis control efforts are progressing, nearing Millennium Development Goals, but challenges like HIV/tuberculosis collaboration and drug resistance persist. Continued investment and multidisciplinary approaches are vital for tuberculosis elimination.

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Published on: September 5, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Global Health
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health Policy

Background:

  • Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global cause of mortality.
  • Previous reviews highlighted control efforts and challenges.
  • Progress towards 2015 targets has been made, with Africa as an exception.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent progress in global tuberculosis control efforts.
  • To identify ongoing challenges and emerging threats in TB control.
  • To emphasize the need for updated strategies and sustained commitment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent global tuberculosis control data and initiatives.
  • Analysis of progress towards Millennium Development Goals and Stop TB Partnership targets.
  • Assessment of challenges including TB/HIV collaboration, drug resistance, and non-communicable disease impacts.

Main Results:

  • Most regions are on track to meet 2015 TB incidence and mortality reduction targets, except Africa.
  • Challenges persist in scaling up TB and HIV collaborative activities.
  • Emerging drug-resistant tuberculosis poses a significant threat.
  • New diagnostic tests and promising drugs are becoming available.
  • Non-communicable diseases and poor living conditions increase vulnerability.

Conclusions:

  • Achieving international TB control targets requires optimal national health policies and services.
  • Ongoing investment in new approaches and strategies is crucial.
  • Financial uncertainty and shortfalls risk recent gains.
  • Perseverance and renewed commitment are essential for TB control and elimination.