Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:19

Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...
Production of Formed Elements01:34

Production of Formed Elements

Hemangioblasts are multipotent stem cells originating from the mesoderm. They give rise to hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), which undergo hematopoiesis to produce all the formed elements of blood. This process is regulated by a complex network of hematopoietic growth factors, including transcription factors, growth factors, and cytokines. These factors stimulate the HSCs to divide and differentiate, though some HSCs remain undifferentiated to maintain a self-renewing pool.
Most HSCs commit to...
Hematopoiesis01:21

Hematopoiesis

The process of blood cell formation is called hematopoiesis. Hematopoiesis starts early during development, on the seventh day of embryogenesis. This phase of hematopoiesis is called the primitive wave, wherein the extraembryonic yolk sac allows the production of erythroid cells and endothelial cells from a common precursor called hemangioblast. The erythroid cells provide oxygen to support the growth of the rapidly dividing embryo. Hemangioblasts later develop into hematopoietic stem cells or...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Targeting Diabetic Retinopathy with Human iPSC-Derived Vascular Reparative Cells in a Type 2 Diabetes Model.

CellsĀ·2025
Same author

Direct in vivo reprogramming to relieve tissue ischemia via induced vasculogenesis.

Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene TherapyĀ·2025
Same author

Tissue nanotransfection-based endothelial PLCĪ³2-targeted epigenetic gene editing rescues perfusion and diabetic ischemic wound healing.

Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene TherapyĀ·2025
Same author

Fully biologic endothelialized-tissue-engineered vascular conduits provide antithrombotic function and graft patency.

Cell stem cellĀ·2024
Same author

Vasculogenic skin reprogramming requires TET-mediated gene demethylation in fibroblasts for rescuing impaired perfusion in diabetes.

Nature communicationsĀ·2024
Same author

Thrombopoietic agents enhance bone healing in mice, rats, and pigs.

Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral ResearchĀ·2024
Same journal

The Biology of Malaria Parasite Liver Infection.

Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicineĀ·2026
Same journal

The Interaction between Diabetes Mellitus and Tuberculosis: Epidemiology, Screening, and Clinical Management.

Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicineĀ·2026
Same journal

New Malaria Prevention Modalities: Long-Acting Interventions Beyond Vaccines.

Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicineĀ·2026
Same journal

From Parasite to Pill: Harnessing Biology for Breakthroughs in Antimalarial Drug Discovery.

Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicineĀ·2026
Same journal

Malaria Parasite Genomics: Decentralization, Diversification, and Development Goals.

Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicineĀ·2026
Same journal

Tuberculosis Infection: Diagnosis and Management.

Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicineĀ·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 20, 2026

Isolation of Endothelial Progenitor Cells from Human Umbilical Cord Blood
07:26

Isolation of Endothelial Progenitor Cells from Human Umbilical Cord Blood

Published on: September 14, 2017

Human endothelial progenitor cells.

Mervin C Yoder1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatrics Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA. myoder@iupui.edu

Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine
|July 5, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Human endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are circulating cells involved in new vessel formation. Current definitions are complex, as multiple cell subsets share markers, requiring advanced analysis to distinguish true EPCs for vascular repair.

More Related Videos

Isolation of Endothelial Progenitor Cells from Healthy Volunteers and Their Migratory Potential Influenced by Serum Samples After Cardiac Surgery
08:43

Isolation of Endothelial Progenitor Cells from Healthy Volunteers and Their Migratory Potential Influenced by Serum Samples After Cardiac Surgery

Published on: February 14, 2017

Phenotypic and Functional Characterization of Endothelial Colony Forming Cells Derived from Human Umbilical Cord Blood
13:46

Phenotypic and Functional Characterization of Endothelial Colony Forming Cells Derived from Human Umbilical Cord Blood

Published on: April 13, 2012

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 20, 2026

Isolation of Endothelial Progenitor Cells from Human Umbilical Cord Blood
07:26

Isolation of Endothelial Progenitor Cells from Human Umbilical Cord Blood

Published on: September 14, 2017

Isolation of Endothelial Progenitor Cells from Healthy Volunteers and Their Migratory Potential Influenced by Serum Samples After Cardiac Surgery
08:43

Isolation of Endothelial Progenitor Cells from Healthy Volunteers and Their Migratory Potential Influenced by Serum Samples After Cardiac Surgery

Published on: February 14, 2017

Phenotypic and Functional Characterization of Endothelial Colony Forming Cells Derived from Human Umbilical Cord Blood
13:46

Phenotypic and Functional Characterization of Endothelial Colony Forming Cells Derived from Human Umbilical Cord Blood

Published on: April 13, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Stem Cell Research
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are traditionally defined by cell surface markers and function in new vessel formation.
  • A specific marker for EPCs remains elusive, leading to reliance on a panel of surrogate markers.
  • Recent findings indicate that various hematopoietic and endothelial cell subsets share these markers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of cell subsets comprising the term EPC.
  • To clarify the heterogeneity within the EPC population.
  • To provide perspective on the roles of these cells in human vessel repair and regeneration.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current research on endothelial progenitor cells.
  • Analysis of cell surface marker expression and functional assays.
  • Examination of gene expression profiles for cell subset discrimination.

Main Results:

  • No single marker definitively identifies EPCs; a panel of markers is used as a surrogate.
  • Multiple hematopoietic and endothelial cell subsets express similar antigen panels.
  • Distinguishing true EPCs requires extensive gene expression analysis or functional assays.

Conclusions:

  • The term EPC encompasses diverse cell subsets with overlapping characteristics.
  • Circulating and resident cells play varied roles in human vascular repair.
  • Further research is needed to precisely define and isolate functional EPC subsets for therapeutic applications.