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Published on: August 8, 2025
Treatment of infantile hemangiomas
Christine Lauren1, Maria C Garzon
1Pediatric Dermatology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA. cat35@ columbia.edu
Insights
Infantile hemangiomas are common vascular tumors in infants. While most resolve without treatment, recognizing high-risk cases and understanding new therapies is crucial for effective management.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric dermatology
- Vascular anomalies
- Neonatal care
Background:
- Infantile hemangiomas (IHs) are the most common tumors of infancy, affecting 4-5% of infants.
- IHs present a wide clinical spectrum, necessitating individualized management strategies.
- While many IHs involute spontaneously, some require intervention due to potential complications or functional impairment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To outline key diagnostic criteria for identifying infantile hemangiomas.
- To describe the natural history, including growth and involution patterns of IHs.
- To review current and emerging therapeutic options for infantile hemangiomas.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of infantile hemangiomas.
- Analysis of clinical presentation and natural history.
- Synthesis of recent treatment modalities and outcomes.
Main Results:
- Identification of specific IH subtypes associated with higher complication risks.
- Characterization of typical IH growth phases and involution timelines.
- Overview of established and novel treatment approaches, including pharmacologic and surgical options.
Conclusions:
- Early recognition of high-risk infantile hemangiomas is essential for timely intervention.
- Understanding the natural history guides management decisions, balancing observation with active treatment.
- A range of therapeutic strategies are available, allowing for personalized care of infantile hemangiomas.
Abstract:
1.Recognize infantile hemangiomas that are associated with a higher risk for complications and associated anomalies.2.Appreciate the typical timing of growth and involution of infantile hemangiomas.3.Become familiar with recently reported treatments for infantile hemangiomas.Infantile hemangiomas are common proliferations of endothelial tissue that affect approximately 4% to 5% of infants.1 Lesions represent a broad clinical spectrum and their management has to be individualized. Fortunately, most infantile hemangiomas do not require active therapy and may be managed with "active nonintervention";2 however, it is important to recognize those that do require therapeutic intervention and to be familiar with the therapeutic options.
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