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Related Concept Videos

Colonisation of Pathogens01:25

Colonisation of Pathogens

Pathogen colonization of host tissues is a critical step in the development of infectious diseases. Various pathogenic microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, viruses, and protozoa, have evolved complex strategies to attach to, invade, and persist within host environments. These mechanisms enable pathogens to establish infections, evade immune responses, and resist antimicrobial treatments.Attachment to Host CellsIn bacteria, colonization typically begins with adherence to host epithelial...
Activation of Integrins01:15

Activation of Integrins

Integrins bind ligands and transmit information from outside the cell to inside or vice-versa through an "outside-in signaling" or "inside-out signaling."
In "outside-in signaling," external factors in the extracellular space bind to exposed ligand binding sites on integrins. This causes the inactive protein to undergo a conformational change to become active. Integrins are often clustered on the cell membrane. Repetitive and regularly spaced ligand binding events provide an effective stimulus.
Adherens Junctions01:24

Adherens Junctions

Strong contact points between adjacent cells anchor them to each other, forming tissues. Such anchoring junctions are of two types –  adherens junctions and desmosomes. Adherens junctions are abundant in tissues such as  epithelium and endothelium, forming a continuous zone of adhesion called the adhesion belt. In other tissues, such as  heart muscle, they appear as clusters, linking the cells to produce coordinated heart muscle contraction.
Adherens Junctions are Dynamic
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Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions01:17

Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions

Integrins act both as extracellular input receivers and as intracellular processing activators. As their name suggests, integrins are entirely integrated into the membrane structure. Their hydrophobic membrane-spanning regions interact with the phospholipid bilayer's hydrophobic region. These membrane receptors provide extracellular attachment sites for effectors like hormones and growth factors. They activate intracellular response cascades when their effectors are bound and active.
Some...
Integrins01:10

Integrins

Animal and protozoan cells do not have cell walls to help maintain shape and provide structural stability. Instead, these eukaryotic cells secrete a sticky mass of carbohydrates and proteins into the spaces between adjacent cells. This network of proteins and molecules is called an extracellular matrix or ECM.
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Parasitism is a form of microbial interaction in which parasitic microbes exploit a host organism for nutrients and shelter, often at the host's expense. Unlike mutualistic relationships, where both organisms benefit, parasitism benefits only the parasite and harms the host.Classification of ParasitesMicrobial parasites are broadly classified based on their location relative to the host.Ectoparasites remain on the host’s surface, such as the skin or outer tissues, drawing nutrients...

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Invasion of Human Cells by a Bacterial Pathogen
07:15

Invasion of Human Cells by a Bacterial Pathogen

Published on: March 21, 2011

Exploitation of integrin function by pathogenic microbes.

Christof R Hauck1, Marina Borisova, Petra Muenzner

  • 1Lehrstuhl Zellbiologie, Fachbereich Biologie, Universität Konstanz, Germany. christof.hauck@uni-konstanz.de

Current Opinion in Cell Biology
|August 14, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pathogenic bacteria use adhesive proteins to target host cell integrins, facilitating invasion and colonization. Disrupting this bacterial-integrin interaction could offer new treatments for infectious diseases.

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Last Updated: May 19, 2026

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Humanized Mouse Model to Study Bacterial Infections Targeting the Microvasculature
11:40

Humanized Mouse Model to Study Bacterial Infections Targeting the Microvasculature

Published on: April 1, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Cell Biology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Pathogenic microbes frequently utilize host cell surface receptors for adhesion and invasion.
  • Integrins are crucial cell surface receptors involved in cell adhesion, migration, and signaling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanisms by which bacteria target and exploit host cell integrins during infection.
  • To discuss how bacterial pathogens manipulate integrin functions for host cell invasion, effector translocation, and colonization.
  • To explore potential therapeutic strategies targeting the bacterial-integrin connection.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on bacterial adhesins and integrin interactions.
  • Analysis of molecular mechanisms underlying integrin-mediated bacterial pathogenesis.
  • Synthesis of current knowledge on integrin's role in host-pathogen interactions.

Main Results:

  • Bacteria employ adhesive proteins to bind host integrins, enabling intimate contact and entry into host cells.
  • Pathogens leverage integrins not only for invasion but also for translocating effector molecules.
  • Bacteria can hijack the physiological matrix-binding function of integrins to promote colonization.

Conclusions:

  • Integrins serve as a central hub for bacterial manipulation of host cell functions.
  • Targeting the interaction between bacteria and integrins presents a promising avenue for developing broad-acting anti-infective strategies.