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Related Concept Videos

Acute Coronary Syndrome I: Introduction01:30

Acute Coronary Syndrome I: Introduction

Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) encompasses a spectrum of heart conditions caused by sudden obstruction of coronary arteries, typically resulting from the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque and subsequent thrombus (blood clot) formation. This obstruction can lead to partial or complete blockage of blood flow, causing varying degrees of myocardial ischemia or infarction.ACS includes the following clinical entities:Unstable Angina (UA)Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI)ST-Elevation...
Acute Coronary Syndrome II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations01:19

Acute Coronary Syndrome II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

The pathophysiology of Acute Coronary Syndrome [ACD] involves several key processes:The main underlying cause of ACD is atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the buildup of lipid-laden plaques within the coronary arteries.As the atherosclerotic plaque grows in the coronary artery, it may become unstable due to the formation of a lipid-rich core and a thin fibrous cap. Inflammatory cells within the plaque, such as macrophages, secrete enzymes that degrade the...
Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies01:30

Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies

Diagnosing acute coronary syndrome or ACS begins with a thorough patient history. Notable symptoms include central, crushing chest pain radiating to the left arm, neck, jaw, or back, along with shortness of breath, sweating (diaphoresis), nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and palpitations.It is crucial to note any history of cardiac illnesses and assess risk factors, including age, gender, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and a sedentary lifestyle.During physical examination, vital...
Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy01:29

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy without ventricular dilation. It is more common in men and is typically diagnosed in young, athletic adults.EtiologyHCM is primarily genetic and is caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. Researchers have identified over 1400 mutations across at least 11 different genes. Among these, the most frequently occurring mutations are found in the...
Heart Failure IV: Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation01:30

Heart Failure IV: Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation

Heart failure can be classified in various ways, with the most common classifications based on physical activity limitations, disease progression, severity, and treatment strategies.The Functional Classification of Heart Failure divides patients into four categories based on physical activity limitation due to symptom burden.Class I: Patients in this class have cardiac disease but no physical activity limitations. Ordinary activities like walking, climbing stairs, or routine tasks do not cause...
Ischemic Heart Disease: Overview01:17

Ischemic Heart Disease: Overview

Ischemic heart disease occurs when the heart's blood supply dwindles, causing an ominous lack of oxygen and nutrients. This deficiency, stemming from reduced or obstructed blood flow, spells danger, leading to heart muscle damage and dysfunction.
Atherosclerosis, the primary malefactor, orchestrates this dangerous condition. It manifests as the accumulation of fatty deposits, akin to insidious plaques, within arterial walls. As time elapses, these plaques metamorphose, hardening and narrowing...

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P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy versus dual antiplatelet therapy after complex percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with acute coronary syndromes: a NEO-MINDSET trial substudy.

EuroIntervention : journal of EuroPCR in collaboration with the Working Group on Interventional Cardiology of the European Society of Cardiology·2026
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 19, 2026

A Research Method For Detecting Transient Myocardial Ischemia In Patients With Suspected Acute Coronary Syndrome Using Continuous ST-segment Analysis
18:11

A Research Method For Detecting Transient Myocardial Ischemia In Patients With Suspected Acute Coronary Syndrome Using Continuous ST-segment Analysis

Published on: December 28, 2012

ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction in the elderly.

Marcelo Franken1, Amit Nussbacher, Alberto Liberman

  • 1INCOR Heart Institute, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Av. Dr. Enéas Carvalho de Aguiar, 44-05403-000, São Paulo, Brasil.

Journal of Geriatric Cardiology : JGC
|August 24, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Diagnosing and managing ST elevation myocardial infarction in elderly patients presents unique challenges due to atypical symptoms and underrepresentation in clinical trials, leading to higher mortality rates.

Keywords:
Acute coronary syndromesElderly peopleManagementMyocardial Infarction

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A Research Method For Detecting Transient Myocardial Ischemia In Patients With Suspected Acute Coronary Syndrome Using Continuous ST-segment Analysis
18:11

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Published on: December 28, 2012

Histological Quantification of Chronic Myocardial Infarct in Rats
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Histological Quantification of Chronic Myocardial Infarct in Rats

Published on: December 11, 2016

Primary Outcome Assessment in a Pig Model of Acute Myocardial Infarction
14:19

Primary Outcome Assessment in a Pig Model of Acute Myocardial Infarction

Published on: October 14, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Geriatric Medicine
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Acute coronary syndromes (ACS) are a primary cause of mortality in the elderly population.
  • Diagnosis of ACS in older adults is complicated by less frequent typical angina presentations.
  • Elderly patients face greater morbidity and mortality from ACS compared to younger individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the diagnostic and management challenges of ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) specifically in elderly patients.
  • To review the existing evidence pertaining to STEMI in the geriatric population.
  • To highlight the underrepresentation of elderly individuals in pivotal clinical trials informing ACS guidelines.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature and clinical guidelines.
  • Analysis of challenges in diagnosing STEMI in the elderly.
  • Discussion of management strategies for elderly STEMI patients.
  • Examination of evidence-based recommendations and their applicability to older adults.

Main Results:

  • Elderly patients with STEMI exhibit atypical symptoms, complicating early diagnosis.
  • Older adults are disproportionately affected by higher morbidity and mortality rates post-STEMI.
  • Significant underrepresentation of elderly patients in major clinical trials limits evidence-based treatment recommendations for this demographic.

Conclusions:

  • There is a critical need for improved diagnostic and management strategies for STEMI in the elderly.
  • Current evidence-based guidelines may not fully address the unique needs of older patients with STEMI.
  • Further research and clinical trial inclusion are essential to optimize STEMI care for the aging population.