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Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.

Epigenetic Regulation

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Updated: May 19, 2026

Repressing Gene Transcription by Redirecting Cellular Machinery with Chemical Epigenetic Modifiers

Repressing Gene Transcription by Redirecting Cellular Machinery with Chemical Epigenetic Modifiers

Published on: September 20, 2018

Vernalization - a cold-induced epigenetic switch.

Jie Song¹, Andrew Angel, Martin Howard

¹John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK.

Journal of Cell Science

|September 1, 2012

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Vernalization in Arabidopsis thaliana involves epigenetic silencing of the FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) gene after cold exposure. Mathematical modeling reveals chromatin dynamics and cell-autonomous switching are key to this flowering control mechanism.

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Area of Science:

Plant biology
Epigenetics
Developmental biology

Background:

Environmental signals modulate organism growth and development.
Vernalization, or flowering induction by cold, is a key example in plants.
It involves epigenetic silencing of the FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) gene in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Purpose of the Study:

To elaborate on vernalization characteristics using mathematical modeling.
To understand the role of chromatin dynamics in the vernalization switching mechanism.
To elucidate the cell-autonomous nature of quantitative epigenetic silencing.

Main Methods:

Mathematical modeling of vernalization processes.
Analysis of epigenetic silencing of the FLC gene.
Investigation of Polycomb-based switching mechanisms.

Main Results:

Vernalization involves quantitative, epigenetic silencing of FLC, increasing with cold duration.
A Polycomb-based switching mechanism with localized silencing nucleation and spreading was identified.
Mathematical modeling highlighted the importance of chromatin dynamics and cell-autonomous switching.

Conclusions:

Vernalization's quantitative nature arises from cell-autonomous switching.
Chromatin dynamics are crucial for the vernalization switching mechanism.
Principles of vernalization may apply broadly to epigenetic reprogramming in other organisms.