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Homo- and heterodimerization in transcriptional regulation
Alister P W Funnell1, Merlin Crossley
1School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Abstract:
Eukaryotic transcription factors bind DNA and typically serve to localize large multiprotein complexes to particular genes to up- or downregulate transcription, thereby coordinating cellular responses to a variety of signals. Different combinations of transcription factors within DNA-binding multiprotein complexes allow individual proteins to partake in multiple different regulatory pathways. Many transcription factors can form homo- and heterodimers (or oligomers) with different partners, thus modulating DNA-binding specificity and affinity and/or the recruitment of different binding partners. This chapter reviews several of the mechanisms by which the homo- and heterodimerization of transcription factors contributes to transcriptional regulation.
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