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Related Concept Videos

Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:24

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...
NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences01:17

NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences

A pulse is a short burst of radio waves distributed over a range of frequencies that simultaneously excites all the nuclei in the sample. Upon passing a radio frequency pulse along the x-axis, the nuclei absorb energy corresponding to their Larmor frequencies and achieve resonance. This shifts the net magnetization vector from the z-axis toward the transverse plane. This angle of rotation of the magnetization vector, or the flip angle, is proportional to the duration and intensity of the pulse.
NMR Spectrometers: Resolution and Error Correction01:14

NMR Spectrometers: Resolution and Error Correction

When magnetic nuclei in a sample achieve resonance and undergo relaxation, the signal detected in NMR is an approximately exponential free induction decay. Fourier transform of an exponential decay yields a Lorentzian peak in the frequency domain. Lorentzian peaks in an NMR spectrum are defined by their amplitude, full width at half maximum, and position, where the peak width is governed by the spin-spin relaxation time alone. In real experiments, however, the applied magnetic field is rendered...
Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance01:05

Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance

The number of nuclear spins aligned in the lower energy state is slightly greater than those in the higher energy state. In the presence of an external magnetic field, as the spins precess at the Larmor frequency, the excess population results in a net magnetization oriented along the z axis. When a pulse or a short burst of radio waves at the Larmor frequency is applied along the x axis, the coupling of frequencies causes resonance and flips the nuclear spins of the excess population from the...

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Registered Bioimaging of Nanomaterials for Diagnostic and Therapeutic Monitoring
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Published on: December 9, 2010

Single shot trajectory design for region-specific imaging using linear and nonlinear magnetic encoding fields.

Kelvin J Layton1, Daniel Gallichan, Frederik Testud

  • 1Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; National ICT Australia, Melbourne, Australia.

Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
|October 9, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces an automated method to design magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) trajectories for improved local resolution. The technique optimizes k-space paths for enhanced imaging in specific regions of interest.

Keywords:
PatLoclocal k‐spacemagnetic field monitoringmultidimensional trajectoriesnonlinear spatial encoding

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Area of Science:

  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Image Reconstruction

Background:

  • Nonlinear encoding fields in MRI lead to spatially variable image resolution.
  • Improving resolution in specific regions of interest is crucial for detailed diagnostic imaging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an automated procedure for designing single-shot MRI trajectories.
  • To achieve local resolution enhancement in a defined region of interest.

Main Methods:

  • Design of optimized local k-space trajectories using nonlinear encoding fields.
  • Application to arbitrary hardware configurations with linear and nonlinear encoding fields.
  • Validation using a hardware setup with linear gradients and custom-built quadrupolar encoding fields.

Main Results:

  • Accurate reconstruction of demanding single-shot trajectories using a field camera.
  • Demonstration of local resolution improvement in phantom and in vivo experiments.
  • Successful application despite incomplete characterization of eddy current and concomitant field terms.

Conclusions:

  • The developed automated procedure effectively designs single-shot trajectories for local resolution improvement in MRI.
  • The technique is versatile and adaptable to various hardware configurations.
  • This method holds promise for enhancing diagnostic capabilities in specific anatomical regions.