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Footfall placement variability and falls in multiple sclerosis.

Michael J Socie1, Brian M Sandroff, John H Pula

  • 1Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.

Annals of Biomedical Engineering
|November 8, 2012
PubMed
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Gait variability, or fluctuations in walking, is linked to falls. A new Fourier-based method revealed higher footfall variability in multiple sclerosis recurrent fallers compared to non-fallers.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Biomechanics
  • Movement Science

Background:

  • Gait variability, the natural fluctuation in walking patterns, offers insights into motor control.
  • Increased gait variability is a known risk factor for falls, particularly in neurological conditions.
  • Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a condition affecting gait and balance, increasing fall risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between gait variability and falls in individuals with MS.
  • To compare traditional gait variability metrics with a novel Fourier-based metric in relation to fall history in MS.

Main Methods:

  • Gait spatiotemporal parameters were collected from 41 individuals with MS and 20 healthy controls using an electronic walkway.
  • Gait variability was assessed using traditional metrics (coefficient of variation) and a novel Fourier series analysis of footfall placement.

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  • Individuals with MS were categorized into non-fallers and recurrent fallers based on their fall history.

    • Main Results:

    • Individuals with MS exhibited greater gait variability than healthy controls across both traditional and Fourier-based metrics.
    • Recurrent fallers with MS demonstrated significantly higher Fourier-based footfall placement variability compared to MS non-fallers.
    • No significant differences in traditional gait variability metrics were found between MS faller groups.

    Conclusions:

    • Footfall placement variability, assessed via Fourier analysis, is a sensitive indicator of fall risk in individuals with MS.
    • Novel gait variability metrics may provide more specific insights into fall mechanisms in MS than traditional measures.
    • Further research is needed to explore the clinical utility of footfall placement variability in assessing neurological dysfunction.