Spinal fracture in a dog with diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis

Area of Science:

• Veterinary Orthopedics
• Comparative Neurology
• Canine Spinal Surgery

Background:

• Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) is a non-inflammatory skeletal condition characterized by new bone formation.
• Spinal fractures in dogs can result from trauma, leading to neurological deficits.
• The co-occurrence of DISH and spinal fractures in canines is not well-documented.

Observation:

• A six-year-old Weimaraner presented with hindlimb paresis, later progressing to paralysis after trauma.
• Radiographs and CT revealed lumbar spinal fractures (L2-3 and L4-5) with concurrent signs of DISH.
• New bone formation bridged the vertebral bodies and disc spaces, indicative of DISH.

Findings:

• Surgical intervention using open reduction and internal fixation with vertebral body plating was performed.
• The dog experienced a return to full function after the initial fracture and improved neurological function after the second incident.
• This case represents the first documented instance of DISH-associated spinal fractures in a dog secondary to minor trauma.

Implications:

• Highlights the potential for DISH to predispose canine vertebrae to fracture even with minimal trauma.
• Demonstrates the successful surgical management of complex spinal fractures in a dog with underlying DISH.
• Suggests the importance of considering DISH in the diagnostic workup of spinal injuries in dogs.