Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 16, 2026
09:40
Measuring Neural and Behavioral Activity During Ongoing Computerized Social Interactions: An Examination of Event-Related Brain Potentials
Published on: November 15, 2014
Social exclusion in childhood: a developmental intergroup perspective.
Melanie Killen1, Kelly Lynn Mulvey, Aline Hitti
1University of Maryland, MD, USA. mkillen@umd.edu
Child Development
|November 23, 2012
Summary
Childhood social exclusion involves interpersonal rejection and intergroup exclusion. Understanding these distinct yet related concepts is key to child development, focusing on social reasoning, moral judgment, and group identity.
Area of Science:
- Developmental Psychology
- Social Psychology
- Child Development
Background:
- Interpersonal rejection and intergroup exclusion are distinct aspects of childhood social dynamics.
- Interpersonal rejection emphasizes individual traits in bully-victim relationships.
- Intergroup exclusion highlights group membership (gender, race, ethnicity) in social exclusion.
Purpose of the Study:
- To differentiate and integrate concepts of interpersonal rejection and intergroup exclusion in childhood.
- To propose a developmental framework for understanding social exclusion based on group dynamics.
- To explore the roles of social reasoning, moral judgment, and group identity in exclusion.
Main Methods:
- Conceptual analysis differentiating interpersonal rejection and intergroup exclusion.
- Review of existing research on child social dynamics and group behavior.
- Proposal of a developmental intergroup social exclusion framework.
Main Results:
- Interpersonal rejection attributes exclusion to individual differences, while intergroup exclusion attributes it to group dynamics and status maintenance.
- What appears as interpersonal rejection may stem from intergroup exclusion dynamics.
- A framework integrating social reasoning, moral judgment, and group identity is presented.
Conclusions:
- Distinguishing between interpersonal rejection and intergroup exclusion offers a more nuanced understanding of childhood social exclusion.
- The proposed developmental intergroup social exclusion framework provides a new lens for research.
- This framework emphasizes the importance of group identity and intergroup attitudes in social exclusion during development.
More Related Videos
07:01Experimental Paradigm for Measuring the Effects of Self-distancing in Young Children
Published on: March 1, 2019
10:11Portable Intermodal Preferential Looking (IPL): Investigating Language Comprehension in Typically Developing Toddlers and Young Children with Autism
Published on: December 14, 2012
Related Concept Videos
01:20Social Foundations of Self II: The Generalized Other
According to George Herbert Mead, as children progress beyond the game stage, they develop a more comprehensive understanding of societal rules and norms. This cognitive and social development enables them to internalize the expectations of the broader community, refining their ability to regulate behavior.Consistent participation in organized activities is crucial in helping children recognize that their actions are not isolated but contribute to a more significant, interconnected group effort.
01:31In- and Out-Groups
People all belong to a gender, race, age, and social economic group. These groups provide a powerful source of our identity and self-esteem (Tajfel & Turner, 1979) and serve as our in-groups. An in-group is a group that we identify with or see ourselves as belonging to.
01:27Ethnic Identity within a Larger Culture
Adolescents from ethnic minority backgrounds face a multifaceted journey in forming their identities, shaped by the intersections of cultural expectations and personal exploration. For these adolescents, identity formation involves not only typical developmental challenges but also navigating the perceptions and attitudes of the majority culture. As they grow, adolescents in ethnic minority groups often become increasingly aware of stereotypes, social biases, and discrimination, all of which...
01:28Adler's Individual Psychology
Alfred Adler, a prominent figure in psychology, founded the school of individual psychology. In contrast to Freud's emphasis on sexual or aggressive motives, Adler suggested that individuals are primarily motivated by their purposes and goals. He believed that people strive for perfection rather than pleasure. Adler argued that individuals could creatively act upon their genetic inheritance and environmental experiences to shape their own lives, emphasizing conscious motivation over unconscious...
01:29Relationship with Other Adult Family Members and Siblings
Other adult family members and siblings play a crucial role in shaping children’s social and emotional development. While parents or primary caregivers are often the central figures in early attachment and socialization, other adults in a child’s life, such as grandparents, aunts, and uncles, can significantly influence developmental outcomes. These influences depend on each adult’s personality and may help compensate when a primary caregiver is emotionally distant or inconsistent. For...
01:19Impact of Groups on Groups
Social psychologists analyze how groups influence one another, shaping social structures and interactions through both cooperation and competition. These dynamics manifest in various ways, ranging from economic partnerships to intergroup conflicts that shape societal structures and perceptions.Cooperation and Competition in Intergroup RelationsIntergroup relationships vary across contexts, sometimes fostering cooperation and mutual benefit while at other times leading to conflict and...