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Acute otitis externa: an update.

Paul Schaefer¹, Reginald F Baugh

¹University of Toledo Health Science Campus, MS 1179, 2240 Dowling Hall, 3000 Arlington Ave., Toledo, OH 43614, USA. paul.schaefer@utoledo.edu

American Family Physician

|December 4, 2012

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Acute otitis externa, an ear canal inflammation, is typically caused by bacterial infections like Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Treatment involves topical antibiotics, with corticosteroids potentially speeding symptom relief.

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Area of Science:

Otolaryngology
Infectious Diseases
Dermatology

Background:

Acute otitis externa (AOE) is a common inflammatory condition of the ear canal.
Bacterial infections, primarily by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, are the main cause of acute otitis externa.
Symptoms include rapid onset of ear pain, itching, swelling, redness, and discharge, often after swimming or ear canal trauma.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the etiology, presentation, and management of acute otitis externa.
To discuss the role of topical and oral antibiotics in treating AOE.
To highlight the use of corticosteroids in managing AOE symptoms.

Main Methods:

Literature review of acute otitis externa.
Analysis of common pathogens and clinical findings.
Evaluation of current treatment strategies, including topical and oral antimicrobial agents.

Main Results:

Topical antimicrobials/antibiotics are the primary treatment for uncomplicated AOE.
Corticosteroids may accelerate symptom resolution in AOE.
No significant clinical superiority among different topical antimicrobial preparations has been established.

Conclusions:

Treatment choice for AOE depends on tympanic membrane status, side effects, adherence, and cost.
Neomycin/polymyxin B/hydrocortisone is a suitable first-line option for intact tympanic membranes.
Oral antibiotics are reserved for severe or spreading infections, or in high-risk patients.