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Introduction to diabetes mellitus.
Kirti Kaul1, Joanna M Tarr, Shamim I Ahmad
1Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|February 9, 2013
Summary
Diabetes mellitus is a growing global health issue affecting millions. This chapter details its types, complications, and current/emerging treatments for better disease management.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases
- Public Health
- Global Health Epidemiology
Background:
- Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder with significant global health and economic impacts.
- Prevalence is rising, projected to reach 430 million by 2030, driven by aging populations and obesity.
- A substantial number of diabetes cases remain undiagnosed for years, indicating a higher true prevalence.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive overview of diabetes mellitus.
- To introduce various types of diabetes and their associated complications.
- To discuss current management strategies and novel therapeutic approaches.
Main Methods:
- Literature review and synthesis of existing data on diabetes prevalence and impact.
- Categorization of diabetes types and their common complications.
- Overview of established and investigational treatments for diabetes.
Main Results:
- Diabetes affects a large and increasing proportion of the global adult population.
- Complications include immune system impairment, periodontal disease, retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetic foot.
- Current management involves various treatments, with emerging therapies showing promise.
Conclusions:
- Diabetes mellitus presents a significant and escalating global challenge.
- Understanding the types, complications, and treatment options is crucial for effective management.
- Continued research into emerging therapies is vital for improving patient outcomes and controlling the epidemic.
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