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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2026

Fluorescence-Based Detection of FEN1 Nuclease Activity and Screening of Small-Molecule Inhibitors
05:46

Fluorescence-Based Detection of FEN1 Nuclease Activity and Screening of Small-Molecule Inhibitors

Published on: June 27, 2025

Flap endonuclease 1.

Lata Balakrishnan1, Robert A Bambara

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642, USA. lata_balakrishnan@urmc.rochester.edu

Annual Review of Biochemistry
|March 5, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Flap endonuclease (FEN1) is a crucial enzyme in DNA repair and replication, processing DNA flaps to maintain genome stability. Its specific structure and function ensure accurate DNA metabolism, highlighting its ancient and essential role.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Flap endonuclease (FEN1) is a structure-specific endonuclease.
  • FEN1 plays a central role in various DNA metabolic processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the substrate specificity and mechanism of FEN1.
  • To highlight the importance of FEN1 in maintaining genome fidelity.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of FEN1's enzymatic activity on DNA substrates.
  • Structural and mechanistic studies of FEN1-DNA interactions.

Main Results:

  • FEN1 processes intermediates in Okazaki fragment maturation, base excision repair, and telomere maintenance.
  • FEN1's threading mechanism ensures specificity and prevents off-target cleavage.
  • FEN1's efficiency and specificity are critical for genome integrity.

Conclusions:

  • FEN1 is an ancient protein finely tuned for essential DNA transactions.
  • FEN1's unique mechanism ensures accurate DNA metabolism and genome stability.