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Updated: May 12, 2026
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Published on: January 5, 2022
Sagittal condylar angle and gender differences
Ruwaida Z Alshali1,2, Riaz Yar1, Craig Barclay1
1Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
Summary
Sagittal condylar inclination (SCI) shows high variability in adults, unrelated to gender or age. Individual patient measurements are recommended over average values for dental restorations.
Area of Science:
- Dental Anatomy
- Biomechanics
- Prosthodontics
Background:
- Sagittal condylar inclination (SCI) is a crucial parameter for dental articulator settings.
- Accurate SCI values are vital for fabricating indirect dental restorations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To measure SCI in male and female participants.
- To assess potential differences in SCI between genders.
- To evaluate the clinical relevance of SCI in dental procedures.
Main Methods:
- 32 dental students (16 males, 16 females, aged 18-40) with no reported pain participated.
- Sagittal condylar inclination (SCI) was measured using a CADIAX® compact 2 electronic axiograph.
Main Results:
- Mean SCI ranged from 26.1° to 61.8° (mean 41.9°, SD 7.8).
- No statistically significant differences in SCI were observed between sexes (p=0.133) or sides (p=0.995).
- No correlation was found between SCI and participant age (r²=0.016, p=0.489).
Conclusions:
- The high variability of SCI is not linked to gender or age.
- Individualized SCI measurements are essential for accurate dental restorations.
- Relying on average SCI values may compromise prosthetic outcomes.
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