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Related Concept Videos

Micelles01:30

Micelles

Micelle formation is an intricate process that hinges on the properties of amphiphilic or amphipathic molecules and the conditions of the system in which they are found. Amphiphilic molecules, which have both hydrophilic (water-attracting) and hydrophobic (water-repelling) parts, play a critical role in this process.In aqueous environments, these molecules arrange themselves such that their hydrophilic heads are turned towards the water phase, while their hydrophobic tails are oriented away...
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COP Coated Vesicles

Membrane-enclosed structures called vesicles transport proteins and lipids across the cell. The vesicles derive their cargo from the plasma membrane, Golgi, ER, or endosome. Coated vesicles are spherical, protein-coated carriers with a 50–100 nm diameter that mediate bidirectional transport between the ER and the Golgi. The distribution of proteins between the ER and Golgi complex is dynamic and is maintained by different coated vesicles. Their formation is driven by the assembly of different...
Colloids03:22

Colloids

Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles that are visible to the naked eye or can be seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. On the other hand, a solution is a homogeneous mixture in which no settling occurs and in which the dissolved...
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Pinching-off of Coated Vesicles

Vesicle budding is orchestrated by distinct cytosolic proteins such as adaptor proteins, coat proteins, and GTPases. To initiate vesicle budding, membrane-bending proteins containing crescent-shaped BAR domains bind to the lipid heads in the bilayer and distort the membrane to form a protein-coated vesicle bud. Adaptors proteins such as AP2 for clathrin-coated vesicles can nucleate on the deformed membrane. Finally, coat proteins such as clathrin or COPI and COPII assemble into a coat forming...
Membrane Fluidity01:23

Membrane Fluidity

Cell membranes are composed of phospholipids, proteins, and carbohydrates loosely attached to one another through chemical interactions. Molecules are generally able to move about in the plane of the membrane, giving the membrane its flexible nature called fluidity. Two other features of the membrane contribute to membrane fluidity: the chemical structure of the phospholipids and the presence of cholesterol in the membrane.
Asymmetric Lipid Bilayer01:35

Asymmetric Lipid Bilayer

Biological membranes show uneven distribution of different types of lipids in the inner and outer layers, resulting in transverse asymmetric membranes. The treatment of the erythrocyte membrane with the enzyme phospholipase confirmed the asymmetric nature of the lipid bilayer. The enzyme hydrolyzes lipids into fatty acids and hydrophilic groups. The phospholipase acts only on the outer layer of the membrane, while the inner layer remains intact. The phospholipase treatment resulted in 80%...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2026

Facile Synthesis of Worm-like Micelles by Visible Light Mediated Dispersion Polymerization Using Photoredox Catalyst
07:39

Facile Synthesis of Worm-like Micelles by Visible Light Mediated Dispersion Polymerization Using Photoredox Catalyst

Published on: June 8, 2016

CO2-switchable wormlike micelles.

Yongmin Zhang1, Yujun Feng, Jiyu Wang

  • 1Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, PR China.

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, England)
|April 23, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a novel wormlike micellar system using a C18-tailed polyamine surfactant. This system exhibits a reversible sol-gel transition triggered by carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrogen (N2) gas treatments.

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Last Updated: May 12, 2026

Facile Synthesis of Worm-like Micelles by Visible Light Mediated Dispersion Polymerization Using Photoredox Catalyst
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Fabrication of Spherical and Worm-shaped Micellar Nanocrystals by Combining Electrospray, Self-assembly, and Solvent-based Structure Control

Published on: February 11, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Supramolecular Chemistry
  • Polymer Science

Background:

  • Development of responsive materials is crucial for advanced applications.
  • Surfactant-based systems offer tunable properties.
  • Sol-gel transitions are key phenomena in materials engineering.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To create a novel wormlike micellar system.
  • To achieve a reversible sol-gel transition.
  • To utilize carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrogen (N2) as stimuli.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of a C18-tailed polyamine surfactant.
  • Formation of wormlike micelles.
  • Application of alternating CO2 and N2 treatments.
  • Observation of sol-gel transition dynamics.

Main Results:

  • A stable wormlike micellar system was successfully developed.
  • The system demonstrated a fully reversible sol-gel transition.
  • The transition was repeatable upon sequential CO2 and N2 exposure.
  • The C18-tailed polyamine surfactant proved effective in inducing the responsive behavior.

Conclusions:

  • A novel, gas-responsive wormlike micellar system was engineered.
  • The developed system offers a repeatable and reversible sol-gel transition.
  • This work presents a new platform for stimuli-responsive materials based on polyamine surfactants.