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Related Concept Videos

Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways01:22

Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways

At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category, whereas...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2026

Full-Circle Cauterization of Limbal Vascular Plexus for Surgically Induced Glaucoma in Rodents
10:10

Full-Circle Cauterization of Limbal Vascular Plexus for Surgically Induced Glaucoma in Rodents

Published on: February 15, 2022

Late-recognized primary congenital glaucoma.

David S Walton1, Karina Nagao, Helen H Yeung

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infi rmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. walton.blackeye@gmail.com

Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus
|April 26, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Late-recognized primary congenital glaucoma (LRPCG) often presents with subtle signs and requires prompt surgical intervention. Early detection and goniosurgery are crucial for managing this condition in children.

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Assessing Early Stage Open-Angle Glaucoma in Patients by Isolated-Check Visual Evoked Potential
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Assessing Early Stage Open-Angle Glaucoma in Patients by Isolated-Check Visual Evoked Potential

Published on: May 25, 2020

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Last Updated: May 12, 2026

Full-Circle Cauterization of Limbal Vascular Plexus for Surgically Induced Glaucoma in Rodents
10:10

Full-Circle Cauterization of Limbal Vascular Plexus for Surgically Induced Glaucoma in Rodents

Published on: February 15, 2022

Assessing Early Stage Open-Angle Glaucoma in Patients by Isolated-Check Visual Evoked Potential
07:11

Assessing Early Stage Open-Angle Glaucoma in Patients by Isolated-Check Visual Evoked Potential

Published on: May 25, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Pediatric Ophthalmology
  • Glaucoma Research

Background:

  • Primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) is a rare condition that can lead to vision loss if not diagnosed and treated early.
  • Late-recognized primary congenital glaucoma (LRPCG) presents unique diagnostic challenges due to delayed presentation beyond infancy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize a cohort of children diagnosed with LRPCG.
  • To detail the age of presentation, diagnostic indicators, clinical features, and surgical outcomes in LRPCG patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of medical records for 31 patients (49 eyes) with PCG diagnosed after one year of age.
  • Confirmation of PCG based on elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), anterior segment abnormalities, and gonioscopy findings.
  • Evaluation of glaucoma surgery outcomes, including IOP control, complications, and need for re-operation.

Main Results:

  • Average age at diagnosis was 4.7 years, with 36% diagnosed over 4 years old.
  • Common initial signs included corneal enlargement (46%) and photophobia (20%); corneal cloudiness was not an initial sign.
  • Goniotomy success rate was 95% overall, with 65% achieving complete success; 31% had final visual acuity of 20/200 or worse.

Conclusions:

  • Increased awareness of subtle signs is vital for differentiating LRPCG from juvenile glaucoma, enabling earlier diagnosis.
  • Glaucoma surgery, particularly goniosurgery, is frequently necessary for LRPCG management.