Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management01:28

Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management

Esophageal varices often manifest as gastrointestinal bleeding episodes, presenting symptoms like hematemesis (vomiting of blood), hematochezia (passing fresh blood via the rectum), and melena (black, tarry stools). Other signs can include weight loss, anorexia, abdominal discomfort, jaundice, pruritus, altered mental status, and muscle cramps.
In the initial assessment, a thorough review of the patient's medical history is vital to identify risk factors such as liver disease, alcohol abuse, or...
Gastritis III: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:23

Gastritis III: Clinical Manifestations and Management

The clinical manifestations of gastritis can vary depending on the cause and type of gastritis, but some common symptoms may include the following.
Clinical manifestations of acute gastritis
The patient with acute gastritis may have a rapid onset of symptoms, such as epigastric pain or discomfort, dyspepsia, anorexia, hiccups, or nausea and vomiting, which can last from a few hours to a few days. Erosive or hemorrhagic gastritis may cause bleeding, which may manifest as blood in vomit or as...
Peptic Ulcer Disease III: Clinical Manifestations and Complications01:25

Peptic Ulcer Disease III: Clinical Manifestations and Complications

Duodenal UlcersDuodenal ulcers are the most common form of peptic ulcer disease, presenting with chronic, intermittent epigastric pain. Pain typically appears 2–3 hours after meals, especially when the stomach is empty, often waking patients at night. It is characteristically relieved by food or antacids (“pain–food–relief”). Some patients remain asymptomatic until complications like bleeding or perforation emerge, particularly with NSAID or anticoagulant use.Gastric UlcersGastric ulcers share...
Esophageal Varices-I: Introduction01:24

Esophageal Varices-I: Introduction

Esophageal varices are dilated, tortuous veins which are found mainly in the submucosa of the lower esophagus but which may also appear higher up or extend into the stomach. They develop due to increased pressure in the portal venous system, often as a result of liver cirrhosis. This condition scars and damages the liver, impeding normal blood flow through the portal vein. To compensate, blood seeks alternative pathways, forming fragile new vessels (varices) in the esophagus and stomach. These...
Peptic Ulcer Disease IV: Management01:26

Peptic Ulcer Disease IV: Management

Medical treatment strategies for peptic ulcers encompass various methods. The primary goal of treatment is to diminish gastric acidity and strengthen mucosal defense mechanisms.
The therapeutic approach involves ensuring adequate rest, implementing drug therapy, promoting smoking cessation, making dietary modifications, and emphasizing long-term follow-up care.
Pharmacological management
The prevailing therapy for peptic ulcers involves a combination of managing the patient's current medication...
Venous Thrombosis IV: Nursing Management01:30

Venous Thrombosis IV: Nursing Management

Nursing management begins with a thorough assessment of the patient's health history. Key factors include trauma to veins, peripherally inserted central catheters, varicose veins, recent pregnancy or childbirth, surgery, bacteremia, prolonged bed rest, atrial fibrillation, COPD, heart failure, cancer, coagulation disorders, myocardial infarction, spinal cord injury, stroke, prolonged travel, recent bone fractures, and dehydration. Review medication intake, particularly oral contraceptives,...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Prediction and Prevention of Delayed Post-polypectomy-induced Ulcer Hemorrhage Based Upon an Anatomic Study and Multivariable Analyses.

Digestive diseases and sciences·2026
Same author

The Impact of Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation Therapy on Non-Tumorous Barrett's Dysplasia of the Esophagus: A Multicenter Cohort Study.

Journal of clinical medicine·2026
Same author

Low Rates of Diagnosis and Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anemia After an Acute Severe Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage.

Digestive diseases and sciences·2025
Same author

Low Rates of Diagnosis and Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anemia After an Acute Severe Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage.

Research square·2024
Same author

Long-Term Natural History of Presumptive Diverticular Hemorrhage.

The American journal of gastroenterology·2024
Same author

Endoscopic Diagnosis and Treatment of Colonic Diverticular Bleeding.

Gastrointestinal endoscopy clinics of North America·2024
Same journal

Management of Common Bile Duct Stones: Current Approaches and Evolving Endoscopic Strategies.

Current gastroenterology reports·2026
Same journal

Solitary Rectal Ulcer Syndrome Revisited: A Comprehensive Narrative Review.

Current gastroenterology reports·2026
Same journal

The Microbiome and Esophageal Disease: Where Are We Now?

Current gastroenterology reports·2026
Same journal

Fermented Durian Tempoyak as a Source of Probiotics for Colorectal Cancer Prevention through Gut Microbiome Modulation.

Current gastroenterology reports·2026
Same journal

A Practical Guide to Incorporating Novel Barrett's Screening/Surveillance Tools into Clinical Practice.

Current gastroenterology reports·2026
Same journal

The Role of Endoscopic Ultrasound in the Diagnosis and Management of Congenital Gastrointestinal and Pancreaticobiliary Conditions.

Current gastroenterology reports·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

Laparoscopic Splenectomy with Pericardial Devascularization for Hypersplenism and Esophageal Variceal Hemorrhage Due to Portal Hypertension
04:00

Laparoscopic Splenectomy with Pericardial Devascularization for Hypersplenism and Esophageal Variceal Hemorrhage Due to Portal Hypertension

Published on: November 15, 2024

Lower GI bleeding: epidemiology and management.

Kevin A Ghassemi1, Dennis M Jensen

  • 1Division of Digestive Diseases, Center for Esophageal Disorders, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 100 UCLA Medical Plaza, Suite 700, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. kghassemi@mednet.ucla.edu

Current Gastroenterology Reports
|June 6, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Severe colonic bleeding requires prompt diagnosis and intervention. Colonoscopy is key for identifying causes like diverticular hemorrhage and guiding treatment for hematochezia.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 10, 2026

Laparoscopic Splenectomy with Pericardial Devascularization for Hypersplenism and Esophageal Variceal Hemorrhage Due to Portal Hypertension
04:00

Laparoscopic Splenectomy with Pericardial Devascularization for Hypersplenism and Esophageal Variceal Hemorrhage Due to Portal Hypertension

Published on: November 15, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Endoscopy
  • Colorectal Surgery

Background:

  • Colonic bleeding is a frequent cause of hospitalization, particularly in the elderly.
  • Most gastrointestinal (GI) bleeds stop spontaneously, but urgent intervention is needed for persistent hemorrhage.
  • Diverticular disease accounts for 30% of colonic bleeding cases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the diagnosis, risk stratification, and treatment of colonic hemorrhage.
  • To highlight the role of colonoscopy in managing severe hematochezia.
  • To outline alternative interventions when colonoscopy is not feasible.

Main Methods:

  • Review of colonoscopic techniques for diagnosis and treatment.
  • Risk stratification strategies for patients with severe hematochezia.
  • Evaluation of alternative interventions like angiography and surgery.

Main Results:

  • Colonoscopy is the primary method for diagnosing and treating colonic bleeding.
  • Diverticular hemorrhage is a common etiology.
  • Angiography and surgery are reserved for refractory cases.

Conclusions:

  • Urgent diagnosis and intervention are crucial for severe colonic bleeding.
  • Colonoscopy is the cornerstone of management for hematochezia.
  • Multidisciplinary approaches may be necessary for definitive hemostasis.