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Related Concept Videos

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Opioids as Antidiarrheal Agents01:17

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Opioids as Antidiarrheal Agents

Diarrhea, a condition marked by frequent loose or watery bowel movements, can be triggered by multiple factors such as viral or bacterial infections, food intolerances, anxiety, medications, and digestive disorders. Symptoms may include abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, and cramping. Severe or prolonged diarrhea can lead to complications like electrolyte imbalances, malnutrition, and dehydration if left untreated.
Opioids, widely used antidiarrheal agents, mitigate diarrhea by slowing down...
Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS01:17

Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS

Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) is a subtype of IBS characterized primarily by frequent, loose, or watery stools, abdominal pain, and abdominal discomfort. Therapeutic approaches to managing IBS-D include dietary changes, stress management techniques, and pharmaceutical interventions.
Two specific drugs used in the treatment are alosetron (Lotronex) and eluxadoline (Viberzi). Alosetron, a 5-HT3 antagonist, works by slowing the movement of stools in the gut, reducing bowel...
Drugs for Treatment of Constipation-Predominant IBS01:21

Drugs for Treatment of Constipation-Predominant IBS

Pharmacological therapies for IBS-C are designed to alleviate abdominal discomfort and enhance bowel function. In patients with IBS-C, fiber supplements may help soften stools and decrease straining, but may also lead to increased gas production and bloating. Osmotic laxatives like milk of magnesia are frequently used to soften stools and increase stool frequency in IBS-C patients. In addition, two drugs approved for use in severe IBS-C adult cases are linaclotide (Linzess) and lubiprostone...
Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology01:07

Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology

Intestinal obstruction triggers a series of physiological responses, starting with gas and fluid accumulation in the bowel segment proximal to the obstruction, leading to distension. This distended intestine compresses the diaphragm, hindering lung expansion and potentially leading to reduced respiratory effort, atelectasis, and pneumonia.To overcome the blockage, the gut intensifies contractions, causing colicky abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting, which reduces fluid and food intake and...
Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Adsorbents as Antidiarrheal Agents01:20

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Adsorbents as Antidiarrheal Agents

Diarrhea is characterized by the occurrence of frequent, watery bowel movements. Various factors can trigger diarrhea, including viral or bacterial infections, foodborne illnesses, side effects from certain medications, and underlying digestive disorders. If not adequately managed, diarrhea can lead to complications such as dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and nutrient deficiencies. Severe diarrhea can lead to significant weight loss, malnutrition, and weakened immune function.
Adsorbents...
Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction

Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

Postoperative Ileus Murine Model
04:26

Postoperative Ileus Murine Model

Published on: July 12, 2024

Opioid-induced bowel dysfunction.

Gyanprakash A Ketwaroo1, Vivian Cheng, Anthony Lembo

  • 1Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02215, USA. gketwaro@bidmc.harvard.edu

Current Gastroenterology Reports
|August 1, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Opioid-induced bowel dysfunction (OIBD), particularly opioid-induced constipation (OIC), significantly impacts patients with chronic pain. New medications show promise for effective OIC treatment, improving quality of life without compromising pain relief.

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Functional Assessment of Intestinal Motility and Gut Wall Inflammation in Rodents: Analyses in a Standardized Model of Intestinal Manipulation
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Published on: September 11, 2012

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Last Updated: May 9, 2026

Postoperative Ileus Murine Model
04:26

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Published on: July 12, 2024

Functional Assessment of Intestinal Motility and Gut Wall Inflammation in Rodents: Analyses in a Standardized Model of Intestinal Manipulation
09:44

Functional Assessment of Intestinal Motility and Gut Wall Inflammation in Rodents: Analyses in a Standardized Model of Intestinal Manipulation

Published on: September 11, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Pharmacology
  • Pain Management

Background:

  • Opioid-induced bowel dysfunction (OIBD) is a common, debilitating side effect of chronic opioid therapy.
  • Opioid-induced constipation (OIC) is the most prevalent form of OIBD, often leading patients to reduce opioid dosage.
  • Current OIBD management is challenging, creating a significant unmet medical need.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current landscape of pharmacologic treatments for OIC.
  • To highlight recent advancements and emerging therapies for OIBD.
  • To discuss the potential impact of new treatments on patient care.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of OIBD and OIC pharmacotherapies.
  • Analysis of recently approved and investigational agents for OIC.
  • Discussion of clinical implications for chronic pain management.

Main Results:

  • Several new pharmacologic agents for OIC have received regulatory approval or priority review.
  • Investigational drugs demonstrate potential efficacy in treating OIC without affecting analgesia.
  • These advancements offer hope for improved OIBD management.

Conclusions:

  • Effective pharmacologic treatments for OIC are emerging, addressing a critical unmet need.
  • New therapies promise to improve quality of life for patients with chronic pain on opioid therapy.
  • The availability of these medications represents a significant advancement in managing OIC and OIBD.