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Related Concept Videos

Retrieval01:12

Retrieval

Retrieval is the process of getting information out of memory storage and back into conscious awareness. This ability is essential for daily tasks like brushing hair and teeth, driving to work, and performing job duties. Retrieval occurs in three ways: recall, recognition, and relearning.
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Improving short-term memory can be achieved through techniques like chunking and rehearsal. Chunking involves organizing information into larger, more manageable units. This technique is particularly useful for information that exceeds the typical memory span of between five and nine items. For instance, logging into an online account with a password like "ta89vq0179gz" involves grouping letters and numbers into three chunks—ta89, vq01, and 79gz. It makes large amounts of information more...
Tip-of-the-Tongue Phenomenon01:10

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A Prediction Error-driven Retrieval Procedure for Destabilizing and Rewriting Maladaptive Reward Memories in Hazardous Drinkers
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A Prediction Error-driven Retrieval Procedure for Destabilizing and Rewriting Maladaptive Reward Memories in Hazardous Drinkers

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Retrieval dynamics in self-terminated memory search.

Erika K Hussey1, Michael R Dougherty, J Isaiah Harbison

  • 1a Department of Psychology, Program in Neuroscience and Cognitive Science , University of Maryland , College Park , MD , USA.

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology (2006)
|August 7, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study reveals that how people end memory searches significantly impacts retrieval timing. Allowing self-termination (open intervals) changes interretrieval times compared to fixed durations (closed intervals).

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Human Memory

Background:

  • Free-recall experiments typically use fixed time limits, overlooking the natural decision to stop searching.
  • Real-world memory retrieval often involves self-paced termination, a factor not captured by standard paradigms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the temporal dynamics of memory search termination.
  • To compare memory search characteristics between fixed-duration (closed) and self-terminated (open) retrieval intervals.
  • To determine if retrieval interval type influences search termination thresholds and interretrieval times (IRTs).

Main Methods:

  • Within-subjects comparison of closed-interval and open-interval free-recall paradigms.
  • Analysis of interretrieval times (IRTs) and retrieval failures.
  • Utilized simulations to predict thresholds for retrieval failures based on paradigm type.

Main Results:

  • Retrieval-interval type did not significantly affect the number of items recalled or error rates.
  • Interretrieval times (IRTs) were sensitive to the manipulation.
  • Final IRTs were longer in the closed-interval paradigm compared to the open-interval paradigm.

Conclusions:

  • Preset retrieval intervals mask the memory search termination decision and alter temporal retrieval dynamics.
  • Participants may strategically adjust stopping rules based on task demands.
  • Open intervals provide a more ecologically valid measure of memory search termination processes.