Advances in cellular reprogramming: moving toward a reprieve from immunogenicity

Thomas F Gallegos1, Ignacio Sancho-Martinez, Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte

  • 1Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.

Immunology Letters
|October 1, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Somatic cell reprogramming offers therapeutic potential but faces safety hurdles like immunogenicity and tumorigenicity. Future strategies may combine reprogramming with immunology for novel disease treatments.

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Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012 for this...