[Statistical study of outpatients with hematuria]

The records of 2,545 outpatients who visited our clinic from January, 1983 to September, 1984, were reviewed retrospectively. Gross hematuria was recognized during the clinical course in 341 patients, and microscopic hematuria, in 873 patients. The patients who experienced hematuria included 701 males and 513 females. The most common causes of hematuria were UTIs (53.0%), urinary tract calculi (15.6%), and malignant tumors (7.1%). Patients with malignancies tended to develop gross hematuria rather than microscopic hematuria; moreover gross hematuria caused by a malignancy was seen more commonly in the elderly population. In renal parenchymal diseases (e.g. glomerulonephritis and IgA nephropathy), continuous hematuria (93.7%) was the rule, although in calculous diseases (55.9%) and prostate hypertrophy (73.9%), intermittent hematuria was more frequent. Hematuria caused by G-U malignancy could not be specified as either microscopic or gross or as either continuous or intermittent. In conclusion, hematuria is a sign of malignancy in 7.1% of all outpatients with hematuria during the clinical course; therefore, a complete examination is indicated for any kind of hematuria.