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Stimulation of Stem Cell Niches and Tissue Regeneration in Mouse Skin by Switchable Protoporphyrin IX-Dependent Photogeneration of Reactive Oxygen Species In Situ
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Oral and systemic photoprotection.

Andrew C Chen1, Diona L Damian, Gary M Halliday

  • 1Discipline of Dermatology, Bosch Institute, Central Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Dermatology, Sydney Cancer Centre, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia.

Photodermatology, Photoimmunology & Photomedicine
|December 10, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Oral supplements like nicotinamide and polyphenols offer photoprotection by enhancing cellular energy, improving DNA repair, and reducing inflammation, thereby protecting skin from UV damage and potentially lowering skin cancer risk.

Keywords:
DNA damageimmunosuppressionnicotinamidephotoprotectionultraviolet radiation

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Photobiology

Background:

  • Ultraviolet (UV) radiation causes skin damage by inhibiting cellular energy production (ATP) and increasing oxidative stress.
  • UV exposure also triggers inflammatory responses and impairs DNA repair mechanisms, contributing to photodamage and skin cancer.
  • Epidemiological and experimental studies have identified dietary components with photoprotective properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the mechanisms by which oral substances provide photoprotection against UV-induced skin damage.
  • To identify specific dietary components and supplements that can mitigate UV-related skin issues.
  • To inform the development of oral supplements for enhanced sun protection.

Main Methods:

  • Review of epidemiological data linking diet and skin cancer.
  • Analysis of interventional studies on UV damage mechanisms.
  • Investigation of the effects of oral nicotinamide, polyphenols, and fish oils on UV-exposed skin.

Main Results:

  • Oral nicotinamide enhances ATP production, counteracting UV-induced energy deficits, improving immune function, DNA repair, and reducing skin cancer incidence.
  • Dietary polyphenols (from fruits, vegetables, tea) and fish oils exhibit photoprotective effects, potentially by reducing oxidative stress and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production.
  • UV-induced PGE2 contributes to photodamage, and its reduction by certain food substances and fish oils offers a protective mechanism.

Conclusions:

  • Oral substances, including nicotinamide, polyphenols, and fish oils, can significantly contribute to photoprotection.
  • These oral agents work through diverse mechanisms, including energy restoration, antioxidant effects, and anti-inflammatory actions.
  • Developing oral supplements alongside topical sunscreens represents a promising strategy for comprehensive sun protection.