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Related Concept Videos

The Central Dogma01:20

The Central Dogma

21.2K
The central dogma explains the flow of genetic information from DNA nucleotides to the amino acid sequence of proteins.
RNA is the Missing Link Between DNA and Proteins
In the early 1900s, scientists discovered that DNA stores all the information needed for cellular functions and that proteins perform most of these functions. However, the mechanisms of converting genetic information into functional proteins remained unknown for many years. Initially, it was believed that a single gene is...
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Synthetic Biology02:55

Synthetic Biology

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Synthetic biology is an interdisciplinary science that involves using principles from disciplines such as engineering, molecular biology, cell biology, and systems biology. It involves remodeling existing organisms from nature or constructing completely new synthetic organisms for applications such as protein or enzyme production, bioremediation, value-added macromolecule production, and the addition of desirable traits to crops, to name a few.
Golden rice
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Transcription01:10

Transcription

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Overview
Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in the proper synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA). Regulation of transcription is responsible for the differentiation of all the different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds...
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Transcription01:17

Transcription

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Transcription is the synthesis of RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in correctly synthesizing messenger RNA (mRNA). Transcriptional regulation is responsible for the differentiation of different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
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In eukaryotes,...
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Transfer RNA Synthesis02:36

Transfer RNA Synthesis

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One of the unique features of tRNA is the presence of modified bases. In some tRNAs, modified bases account for nearly 20% of the total bases in the molecule. Altogether, these unusual bases protect the tRNA from enzymatic degradation by RNases.
Each of these chemical modifications is carried by a specific enzyme, post-transcription. All of these enzymes have unique base and site-specificity. Methylation, the most common chemical modification, is carried by at least nine different enzymes, with...
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Transfer RNA Synthesis02:36

Transfer RNA Synthesis

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Rapid, Enzymatic Methods for Amplification of Minimal, Linear Templates for Protein Prototyping using Cell-Free Systems
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[Progress in gene synthesis technology].

Miao Feng1, Lu Wang1, Jingdong Tian1

  • 1Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China.

Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao = Chinese Journal of Biotechnology
|December 25, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Gene synthesis, a cornerstone of biological research, is rapidly advancing with new microchip-based technologies. These innovations promise more accurate, cost-effective, and high-throughput DNA synthesis for synthetic biology applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Synthetic Biology
  • Biotechnology

Context:

  • Gene synthesis is a fundamental technique in biological research.
  • The demand for synthetic genes is rapidly increasing due to the growth of synthetic biology.
  • Recent advancements in microchip-based technologies are revolutionizing gene synthesis.

Purpose:

  • To review current chemical DNA synthesis and gene assembly methods.
  • To discuss emerging engineering tools, technologies, and trends in gene synthesis.
  • To highlight potential breakthroughs in accurate, low-cost, and high-throughput gene synthesis.

Summary:

  • This review covers existing chemical DNA synthesis and gene assembly techniques.
  • It explores the latest engineering tools and technological trends impacting gene synthesis.
  • Focuses on advancements driving accuracy, cost-effectiveness, and throughput in gene synthesis.

Impact:

  • New technologies are significantly advancing the field of synthetic biology.
  • Developments aim to make gene synthesis more accessible and efficient.
  • These innovations support hypothesis testing and harnessing biological systems.