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A thorough mouth assessment, including inspection and palpation of the lips, gums, tongue, tonsils, uvula, and pharynx, is crucial in detecting potential health issues. Diseases ranging from oral cancer to systemic conditions like diabetes could be identified early through careful oral examination. This article provides a detailed guide on conducting a comprehensive mouth assessment.
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Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
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Concept Development and Use of an Automated Food Intake and Eating Behavior Assessment Method
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[Chewing and cognitive function].

Yoshiyuki Hirano1, Minoru Onozuka

  • 1Research Center for Child Mental Development, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University.

Brain and Nerve = Shinkei Kenkyu No Shinpo
|December 28, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chewing gum boosts alertness and enhances cognitive functions like memory and attention. This review explores how chewing impacts cognitive performance and the underlying brain mechanisms.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology

Context:

  • Chewing aids digestion and stress relief, influencing cognitive functions like alertness and executive function.
  • Chewing gum is commonly used to combat sleepiness during demanding activities.
  • Reduced teeth count in the elderly is linked to dementia, suggesting chewing's role in cognitive health.

Purpose:

  • To review the effects of chewing on cognitive performance.
  • To discuss the neuronal mechanisms responsible for chewing-induced cognitive enhancement.

Summary:

  • Chewing increases activation in the middle frontal gyrus (dorsolateral prefrontal cortex) during working memory tasks, enhancing alertness.
  • Chewing shortens reaction times and activates the anterior cingulate cortex and left frontal gyrus in the executive network during attentional tasks.
  • Neuroimaging studies (fMRI, EEG) reveal chewing's positive impact on cognitive functions, including alertness, memory, and attention.

Impact:

  • Chewing elevates alertness, leading to improved cognitive performance.
  • Understanding these mechanisms can inform strategies for cognitive enhancement.
  • Highlights the link between oral health, chewing function, and brain health.