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Author Spotlight: Investigating the Impact of Emotional Prosodies on Voice Recognition and Perception
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Action planning and predictive coding when speaking.

Jun Wang1, Daniel H Mathalon2, Brian J Roach3

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.

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|January 16, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Self-generated sensations are suppressed in animals. New research shows brain activity in the inferior frontal gyrus predicts suppressed auditory processing during speech, validating the forward model in humans.

Keywords:
Corollary dischargeEfference copyIFGSTG

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Sensorimotor Integration

Background:

  • Animals process self-generated sensations differently from external ones, with suppression being a key mechanism.
  • The forward model, involving corollary discharges, is a leading theory for explaining this sensory suppression.
  • Previous human evidence for this model during vocalization was largely indirect.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide direct anatomical and functional evidence for the forward model of sensory suppression in human speech.
  • To investigate the neural mechanisms underlying the suppression of self-produced speech sounds.
  • To explore how the brain differentiates between self-generated and externally-originating sensory information.

Main Methods:

  • Electroencephalography (EEG) combined with anatomical Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) for source localization.
  • Analysis of brain activity in the inferior frontal gyrus preceding speech onset.
  • Measurement of auditory cortical responses (N1 and P2 components) during vocalization.

Main Results:

  • Activity in the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) 300ms before speaking correlated with suppressed auditory processing (N1 component) around 100ms after speech onset.
  • Evidence suggests an efference copy from prefrontal speech areas to auditory cortex suppresses anticipated speech sounds.
  • The P2 component, occurring ~100ms after N1, was not suppressed, indicating preserved perceptual experience despite sensory suppression.

Conclusions:

  • The findings provide direct mechanistic insights into how the brain suppresses self-generated speech sounds via a forward model.
  • This research elucidates the complex interplay between action planning and sensory processing in differentiating self-produced speech.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for neuropsychiatric disorders involving disrupted self-monitoring.