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Updated: May 3, 2026

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Mid-trimester pregnancy loss.

Kelly M McNamee1, Feroza Dawood1, Roy G Farquharson2

  • 1Department of Obstetrics, Liverpool Women's Hospital, Crown Street, Liverpool L8 7SS, UK.

Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America
|February 5, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mid-trimester pregnancy loss (MTL), occurring between 12-24 weeks, has an unknown incidence. Comprehensive screening is recommended due to heterogeneous causes and increased risk of future pregnancy complications.

Keywords:
Antiphospholipid syndromeBacterial vaginosisCerclageLate pregnancy lossMid-trimester lossMiscarriage investigationsRecurrent miscarriage

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Medicine
  • Obstetrics
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Mid-trimester pregnancy loss (MTL) is a pregnancy complication occurring between 12 and 24 weeks' gestation.
  • The precise incidence of MTL is not well-established due to limited research focusing solely on this condition.
  • Existing estimates suggest an incidence of 2% to 3% of pregnancies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the importance of comprehensive preconceptual screening for identifying causes of mid-trimester pregnancy loss.
  • To emphasize the heterogeneous and potentially combined (dual pathology) nature of MTL causes.
  • To inform about the increased risk of future miscarriage and preterm delivery in patients with a history of MTL.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on mid-trimester pregnancy loss.
  • Analysis of factors contributing to MTL.
  • Assessment of risks associated with a history of MTL.

Main Results:

  • The true incidence of MTL remains unknown, despite an estimated occurrence of 2% to 3%.
  • Causes of MTL are often heterogeneous and can be isolated or combined (dual pathology).
  • A history of MTL significantly increases the risk of subsequent miscarriage and preterm delivery, with risk escalating based on diagnosed associative factors.

Conclusions:

  • Comprehensive preconceptual screening is crucial for identifying the diverse causes of MTL.
  • Understanding and addressing identified risk factors can help mitigate the increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in affected patients.