Behavioral interventions for office-based care: stress and anxiety disorders
James S Campbell1, Michele McCarthy Larzelere2
1Louisiana State University Medical Center Family Practice Residency, 200 W. Esplanade Avenue Suite 409, Kenner, LA 70065, jcampb2@lsuhsc.edu.
FP Essentials
|March 18, 2014
Summary
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) effectively manages various anxiety disorders. Family physicians play a key role in screening, providing support, and referring patients to evidence-based anxiety disorder treatments.
Area of Science:
- Behavioral medicine
- Psychiatry
- Primary care
Background:
- Anxiety and stress-related disorders are prevalent, necessitating effective management strategies.
- Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a well-established treatment for several anxiety disorders.
- The role of primary care physicians in managing these conditions is evolving.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the evidence for behavioral therapies in anxiety and stress-related disorders.
- To outline the role of family physicians in the management of these disorders.
- To highlight the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and other interventions.
Main Methods:
- Review of randomized clinical trials and existing literature on behavioral therapies for anxiety disorders.
- Examination of the evidence for cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), PTSD, OCD, panic disorder, and social phobias.
- Assessment of adjunctive therapies, including sleep interventions and pharmacotherapy, and internet-based CBT.
Main Results:
- Strong evidence supports CBT for GAD, PTSD, OCD, panic disorder, and social phobias.
- Adjunctive behavioral sleep intervention and pre-CBT SSRI initiation may improve GAD outcomes.
- Internet-based CBT shows promise for GAD, but more research is needed for PTSD.
Conclusions:
- CBT is a highly effective behavioral therapy for multiple anxiety and stress-related disorders.
- Family physicians can provide crucial support, screening, and referrals for anxiety disorders.
- Integrated care approaches, including linkage with behavioral health specialists, are important for optimal patient outcomes.
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