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Human cognitive function and the obesogenic environment.

Ashley A Martin1, Terry L Davidson2

  • 1School of Experimental Psychology, Nutrition and Behaviour Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.

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|March 18, 2014
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The modern food environment contributes to obesity and cognitive decline. Deficits in inhibitory control, linked to diet, impair the ability to resist food cues and overeat, increasing dementia risk.

Keywords:
HippocampusInhibitionMemoryObesityWestern diet

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Public Health
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • The current food environment is linked to rising obesity rates and cognitive impairment.
  • Obesity is associated with cognitive deficits, particularly in inhibitory processes crucial for controlling food intake.
  • These cognitive impairments may act as a risk factor for weight gain.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review experimental evidence linking obesity with deficits in memory, attention, and behavioral control.
  • To explore how these cognitive deficits may predispose individuals to overeating.
  • To discuss the potential causes of obesity and related cognitive impairment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of experimental research on obesity, cognitive function, and dietary patterns.
  • Analysis of studies examining inhibitory control and its role in regulating food intake.
  • Examination of non-human animal research on the effects of Western diets.

Main Results:

  • Obesity is associated with deficits in memory, attention, and behavioral control, particularly inhibitory processes.
  • Impaired inhibitory control reduces the ability to resist ubiquitous food cues in the modern environment.
  • Western diets high in saturated fats and simple carbohydrates are linked to both obesity and cognitive impairment.

Conclusions:

  • The obesogenic food environment is characterized by increased food cues and diets that compromise resistance to them.
  • Improving control over food-related cognitive processing can help combat obesity.
  • Interventions targeting cognitive function may reduce the risk of cognitive disorders later in life.